Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 17
Thus they came together, and Lancelot, who was now recovered from the swoon in which he had lain, and was ware of Sir Gawain, cried to him concerning the traitor who had smitten him all unarmed, "Dear comrade, slay him.
Who acts: knights, Sir, traitor · What happens: come together, recover, lie, be, cry, concern · To what, where: Lancelot, swoon, ware, Sir, traitor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights, Sir, traitor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | together | together | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Lancelot | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 Lancelot | cc |
| 7 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 recovered | punct |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 recovered | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 recovered | aux:pass |
| 11 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 recovered | advmod |
| 12 | recovered | recover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 Lancelot | acl:relcl |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 swoon | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 swoon | det |
| 15 | swoon | swoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 recovered | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 lain | obl |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 lain | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 lain | aux |
| 20 | lain | lie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 swoon | acl:relcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 ware | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 ware | cc |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 ware | cop |
| 24 | ware | ware | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Sir | case |
| 26 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 ware | nmod |
| 27 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Sir | flat |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 cried | punct |
| 29 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | parataxis |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 him | case |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 cried | obl |
| 32 | concerning | concern | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 cried | advcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 traitor | det |
| 34 | traitor | traitor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 concerning | obj |
| 35 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 smitten | nsubj |
| 36 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 smitten | aux |
| 37 | smitten | smite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 traitor | acl:relcl |
| 38 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 smitten | obj |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 44 comrade | advmod |
| 40 | unarmed | unarmed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 comrade | amod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 unarmed | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 comrade | punct |
| 43 | Dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 comrade | amod |
| 44 | comrade | comrade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 smitten | obl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 slay | punct |
| 46 | slay | slay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 cried | conj |
| 47 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 slay | obj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come together | past | knights = knight | Lancelot | thus, together property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | recover | past · passive | Lancelot | the swoon | now | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from swoon=Source | |||
| 3 | lie | past · perfect | Sir | the swoon | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in which=Location | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | ware | of Sir | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cry speech: express | past | Sir | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | |||||
| 6 | concern | gerund | the traitor | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus traitor=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | smite | past · perfect | the traitor | Sir | unarmed Dear comrade obl | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | |||
| 8 | slay in a quote | infinitive | Sir | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/17/