Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 24
Then was Sir Gawain glad at heart, and he bound up his wounds forthwith with herbs of such virtue as should stay the bleeding; and he took Sir Lancelot and set him upon his steed, and turned him again towards the hermit's cell as best he might, for 'twas in both their minds that might they but come thither Sir Gawain should surely heal him.
Who acts: traitor, that, Sir, twas · What happens: be, bind up, stay, take, set, turn · To what, where: heart, wounds, bleeding, Lancelot, traitor, steed
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traitor, that, Sir, twas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 glad | advmod |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 glad | cop |
| 3 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 glad | compound |
| 4 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Sir | flat |
| 5 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 heart | case |
| 7 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 glad | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 bound | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 bound | cc |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 bound | nsubj |
| 11 | bound | bind | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 glad | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 bound | compound:prt |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 wounds | nmod:poss |
| 14 | wounds | wound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 bound | obj |
| 15 | forthwith | forthwith | ADV | _ | 11 bound | advmod |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 herbs | case |
| 17 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 bound | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 virtue | case |
| 19 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 virtue | amod |
| 20 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 herbs | nmod |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 stay | mark |
| 22 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 stay | aux |
| 23 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 bound | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 bleeding | det |
| 25 | bleeding | bleeding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 stay | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 took | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 took | cc |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 took | nsubj |
| 29 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 glad | parataxis |
| 30 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 31 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 took | obj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 set | cc |
| 33 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 took | conj |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 set | obj |
| 35 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 37 steed | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 steed | nmod:poss |
| 37 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 set | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 turned | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 turned | cc |
| 40 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 took | conj |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 turned | obj |
| 42 | again | again | ADV | _ | 40 turned | advmod |
| 43 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 47 cell | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 hermit | det |
| 45 | hermit | hermit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 cell | nmod:poss |
| 46 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 45 hermit | case |
| 47 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 turned | obl |
| 48 | as | as | ADP | _ | 49 best | case |
| 49 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 40 turned | obl |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 might | nsubj |
| 51 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 best | parataxis |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 twas | punct |
| 53 | for | for | ADP | _ | 55 twas | case |
| 54 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 55 twas | punct |
| 55 | twas | twa | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 turned | obl |
| 56 | in | in | ADP | _ | 59 minds | case |
| 57 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 59 minds | det:predet |
| 58 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 59 minds | nmod:poss |
| 59 | minds | mind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 twas | appos |
| 60 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 64 come | nsubj |
| 61 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 64 come | aux |
| 62 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 come | nsubj |
| 63 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 64 come | cc |
| 64 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 59 minds | parataxis |
| 65 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 64 come | advmod |
| 66 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 70 heal | nsubj |
| 67 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 Sir | flat |
| 68 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 70 heal | aux |
| 69 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 70 heal | advmod |
| 70 | heal | heal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 64 come | parataxis |
| 71 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 70 heal | obj |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 glad | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | heart | then | glad property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bind up | past | traitor | traitor's wounds | with herbs of such virtue; forthwith property | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent wound=Patient with herb=Co-Patient | |||
| 3 | stay | should | traitor not said here | the bleeding | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme bleeding=Location | ||||
| 4 | take | past | traitor | Lancelot Sir | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument lancelot=Destination | ||||
| 5 | set | infinitive | traitor not said here | traitor | traitor's steed | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme upon steed=Destination | |||
| 6 | turn | past | traitor not said here | traitor | the hermit's cell | again | as best; for twas | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent he=Theme towards cell=Trajectory | |
| 7 | come | might | that | twas = twa nsubj; thither property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | heal | should | Sir | traitor | surely property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||
| 9 | wound | traitor | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 10 | mind | twas = twa | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/24/