Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 69
Thus did Sir Gawain and Sir Lancelot admonish them, even as I tell ye, and when they had hearkened to their words those who were within, and had thought to depart, when they knew what was the mind of those knights, sware that never a knight nor squire, nor man-at-arms would give himself up, or forsake that good castle.
Who acts: Gawain, I, matters, mind, that, man · What happens: do, admonish, tell, hearken, think, depart · To what, where: matters, ye, man, good castle, knights · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain, I, matters, mind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 did | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Gawain | nmod:desc |
| 4 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 admonish | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 Lancelot | cc |
| 6 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 7 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Gawain | conj |
| 8 | admonish | admonish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 did | parataxis |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 admonish | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 tell | punct |
| 11 | even | even | ADV | _ | 14 tell | advmod |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 tell | mark |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 tell | nsubj |
| 14 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 did | parataxis |
| 15 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 tell | iobj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 hearkened | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 hearkened | cc |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 hearkened | advmod |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 hearkened | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 hearkened | aux |
| 21 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 tell | ccomp |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 words | case |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 words | nmod:poss |
| 24 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hearkened | obl |
| 25 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 words | nmod |
| 26 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 within | nsubj |
| 27 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 within | cop |
| 28 | within | within | ADP | _ | 25 those | acl:relcl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 thought | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 thought | cc |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 thought | aux |
| 32 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 hearkened | conj |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 depart | mark |
| 34 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 thought | xcomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 knew | punct |
| 36 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 knew | advmod |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 knew | nsubj |
| 38 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 thought | conj |
| 39 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 38 knew | ccomp |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 what | cop |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 mind | det |
| 42 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 what | nsubj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 knights | case |
| 44 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 45 knights | det |
| 45 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 mind | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 sware | punct |
| 47 | sware | sware | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 knights | conj |
| 48 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 knight | nsubj |
| 49 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 51 knight | advmod |
| 50 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 knight | det |
| 51 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 sware | appos |
| 52 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 53 squire | cc |
| 53 | squire | squire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 knight | conj |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 give | punct |
| 55 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 62 give | cc |
| 56 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 give | nsubj |
| 57 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 60 arms | punct |
| 58 | at | at | ADP | _ | 60 arms | case |
| 59 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 58 at | punct |
| 60 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 man | conj |
| 61 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 62 give | aux |
| 62 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 tell | conj |
| 63 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 62 give | iobj |
| 64 | up | up | ADP | _ | 62 give | compound:prt |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 forsake | punct |
| 66 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 67 forsake | cc |
| 67 | forsake | forsake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 62 give | conj |
| 68 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 70 castle | det |
| 69 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 70 castle | amod |
| 70 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 forsake | obj |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 did | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | thus property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | admonish | present | Gawain Sir and Lancelot Sir | matters = matter | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present | I | ye | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent ye=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | hearken | past · perfect | matters = matter | to matters's words those | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | think speech: other | past · perfect | matters = matter not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | depart | to-infinitive | matters = matter not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | know | past | matters = matter | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | is a | past | the mind of that knights and sware | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | not knight | that | squire conj | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | give up | would | man and arms | man | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Source | ||||
| 11 | forsake | infinitive | man and arms not said here | that good castle | tree rules | ||||
| 12 | word | matters = matter | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 13 | mind | that knights and sware | nom mind «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/69/