Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 80
When they of within saw that they took counsel together, and said did they leave them in peace that night the king would, doubtless, send for a greater force of knights and other folk, and assemble a mighty army, and it were better that they should now adventure themselves, and ride forth from the castle ere they were yet more outnumbered.
Who acts: knights · What happens: see, take, say, leave, send, assemble · To what, where: counsel, tents, peace, mighty army, knights, castle ere · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 saw | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 5 saw | mark |
| 4 | within | within | ADP | _ | 5 saw | mark |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 said | advcl |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 took | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 took | nsubj |
| 8 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saw | ccomp |
| 9 | counsel | counsel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obj |
| 10 | together | together | ADV | _ | 8 took | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 said | cc |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 leave | aux |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 leave | nsubj |
| 16 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 said | ccomp |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 leave | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 peace | case |
| 19 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 leave | obl |
| 20 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 night | det |
| 21 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 would | nsubj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 king | det |
| 23 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 would | nsubj |
| 24 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 peace | acl:relcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 doubtless | punct |
| 26 | doubtless | doubtless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 would | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 send | punct |
| 28 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 leave | conj |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 32 force | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 force | det |
| 31 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 force | amod |
| 32 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 send | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 knights | case |
| 34 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 force | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 folk | cc |
| 36 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 folk | amod |
| 37 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 knights | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 assemble | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 assemble | cc |
| 40 | assemble | assemble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 leave | conj |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 army | det |
| 42 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 army | amod |
| 43 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 assemble | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 better | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 better | cc |
| 46 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 better | expl |
| 47 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 better | cop |
| 48 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 13 said | parataxis |
| 49 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 53 adventure | mark |
| 50 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 adventure | nsubj |
| 51 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 53 adventure | aux |
| 52 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 53 adventure | advmod |
| 53 | adventure | adventure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 better | advcl |
| 54 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 53 adventure | obj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 ride | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 ride | cc |
| 57 | ride | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 said | conj |
| 58 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 57 ride | advmod |
| 59 | from | from | ADP | _ | 62 ere | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 ere | det |
| 61 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 ere | compound |
| 62 | ere | ere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 ride | obl |
| 63 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 67 outnumbered | nsubj |
| 64 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 67 outnumbered | aux |
| 65 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 67 outnumbered | advmod |
| 66 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 67 outnumbered | advmod |
| 67 | outnumbered | outnumber | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 62 ere | acl:relcl |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | knights = knight | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | take | past | knights = knight | counsel | together property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counsel=Theme | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 4 | leave | past · do-support | knights = knight | tents = tent | peace | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme in peace=Location | |||
| 5 | send | infinitive | knights = knight not said here | for a greater force of knights and other folk | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | assemble | infinitive | knights = knight not said here | a mighty army | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent army=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is | past | good property | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | adventure | should | knights = knight | knights = knight | now | tree rules | |||
| 9 | ride | present | the castle ere | forth property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent from ere=Trajectory | ||||
| 10 | outnumber | past · passive | knights = knight | the castle ere not said here | yet | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ere=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/80/