Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 12, sentence 26
So soon as they who had besieged the queen heard what had chanced they drew off their forces; and all they who served the king, and who came with him into the lands, were greatly shamed, and desired of Sir Gawain in what wise they might make peace.
Who acts: tidings, queen · What happens: besiege, hear, chance, draw off, serve, come · To what, where: forces, king, lands, peace · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tidings, queen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 besieged | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 besieged | mark |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 besieged | nsubj |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 besieged | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 besieged | aux |
| 7 | besieged | besiege | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 heard | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 queen | det |
| 9 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heard | nsubj |
| 10 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 chanced | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 chanced | aux |
| 13 | chanced | chance | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 heard | ccomp |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 drew | nsubj |
| 15 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 chanced | ccomp |
| 16 | off | off | ADP | _ | 18 forces | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 forces | nmod:poss |
| 18 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 drew | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 served | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 served | cc |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 served | advmod |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 served | nsubj |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 served | nsubj |
| 24 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heard | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 king | det |
| 26 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 served | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 came | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 came | cc |
| 29 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 came | nsubj |
| 30 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 served | conj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 came | obl |
| 33 | into | into | ADP | _ | 35 lands | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 lands | det |
| 35 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 shamed | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 lands | punct |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 shamed | aux:pass |
| 38 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 39 shamed | advmod |
| 39 | shamed | shame | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 came | parataxis |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 desired | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 desired | cc |
| 42 | desired | desire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 heard | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Sir | case |
| 44 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 desired | obl:agent |
| 45 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Sir | flat |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 what | case |
| 47 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 desired | obl |
| 48 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 what | acl:relcl |
| 49 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 make | nsubj |
| 50 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 make | aux |
| 51 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 wise | parataxis |
| 52 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 make | obj |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | besiege | past · perfect | tidings = tiding | who nsubj; soon property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | the queen | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | chance | past · perfect · passive | what nsubj:pass | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | draw off | past | tidings = tiding | tidings's forces | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Theme | ||||
| 5 | serve | past | tidings = tiding | the king | who nsubj | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Attribute | |||
| 6 | come | past | with king; who nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | shame | past · passive | the lands | greatly property | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP S_ING»: into land=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | desire | participle | the queen not said here | Sir obl:agent; what obl | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 9 | make | might | tidings = tiding | peace | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset peace=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/12/26/