Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 12, sentence 31
When the tidings ran through the land that the King of Ireland was captive, and that King Arthur was brought thither to treat with him, then was there so great a gathering of Britons that they surrounded Arthur, and took him from the men of Ireland, and brought him with armed hand into the castle despite them all.
Who acts: tidings, land · What happens: run, be, bring, treat, surround, take · To what, where: land, King Arthur, Britons, Arthur, castle
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tidings, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 ran | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 tidings | det |
| 3 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 took | advcl |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ran | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 captive | nsubj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 King | det |
| 10 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 captive | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Ireland | case |
| 12 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 King | nmod |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 captive | cop |
| 14 | captive | captive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 land | acl:relcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 brought | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 brought | cc |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 brought | mark |
| 18 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Arthur | compound |
| 19 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 brought | aux:pass |
| 21 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ran | conj |
| 22 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 21 brought | advmod |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 treat | mark |
| 24 | treat | treat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 brought | advcl |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 him | case |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 treat | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 great | punct |
| 28 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 there | advmod |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 there | cop |
| 30 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 32 great | advmod |
| 31 | so | so | ADV | _ | 32 great | advmod |
| 32 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 ran | parataxis |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 gathering | det |
| 34 | gathering | gathering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 great | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Britons | case |
| 36 | Britons | briton | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 gathering | nmod |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 surrounded | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 surrounded | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 Britons | acl |
| 40 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 surrounded | obj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 took | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 took | cc |
| 43 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 44 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 took | obj |
| 45 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 men | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 men | det |
| 47 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 took | obl |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 Ireland | case |
| 49 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 men | nmod |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 brought | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 brought | cc |
| 52 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 took | conj |
| 53 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 brought | obj |
| 54 | with | with | ADP | _ | 56 hand | case |
| 55 | armed | armed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 hand | amod |
| 56 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 brought | obl |
| 57 | into | into | ADP | _ | 59 castle | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 castle | det |
| 59 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 brought | obl |
| 60 | despite | despite | ADP | _ | 61 them | case |
| 61 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 59 castle | nmod |
| 62 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 61 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 43 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | the tidings | the land | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through land=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the land | the King of Ireland nsubj; captive property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | bring | past · passive | King Arthur | thither property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 4 | treat | to-infinitive | with Arthur | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent with he=Theme | |||||
| 5 | is | past | then | there property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | surround | participle · passive | Britons | tidings = tiding nsubj:pass; Arthur obj | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | take | past | Arthur | from the men of Ireland | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from man=Initial_Location | ||||
| 8 | bring | past | Arthur | the castle despite tidings | with armed hand | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme into castle=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/12/31/