Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Amen. Notes, sentence 30
To which particular adventure of Lancelot this refers it is not easy to decide; on more than one occasion he disappears from court, and the knights headed by Gawain, ride in quest of him.
Who acts: this, Gawain, knights · What happens: refer, not be, decide, disappear, head, ride · To what, where: one occasion, knights, quest, Lancelot
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Amen. Notes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Gawain, knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 4 adventure | case |
| 2 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 adventure | nsubj |
| 3 | particular | particular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 adventure | amod |
| 4 | adventure | adventure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 refers | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Lancelot | case |
| 6 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 adventure | nmod |
| 7 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 refers | nsubj |
| 8 | refers | refer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 easy | expl |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 easy | cop |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 easy | advmod |
| 12 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 refers | ccomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 decide | mark |
| 14 | decide | decide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 easy | xcomp |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 disappears | punct |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 occasion | case |
| 17 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 19 one | advmod |
| 18 | than | than | ADP | _ | 17 more | fixed |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 occasion | nummod |
| 20 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 disappears | obl |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 disappears | nsubj |
| 22 | disappears | disappear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 refers | conj |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 court | case |
| 24 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 disappears | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 ride | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 ride | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 knights | det |
| 28 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 ride | nsubj |
| 29 | headed | head | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 knights | acl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 Gawain | case |
| 31 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 headed | obl:agent |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 knights | punct |
| 33 | ride | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 disappears | conj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 quest | case |
| 35 | quest | quest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 ride | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 him | case |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 quest | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 refers | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refer | present | this | to particular adventure of Lancelot | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to adventure=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | not is | present | this not said here | easy property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | decide | to-infinitive | this not said here | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | disappear | present | Gawain | one occasion | from court | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from court=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | head | participle | the knights not said here | Gawain obl:agent | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | ride | present | the knights | quest of Gawain | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | adventure | Lancelot | nom adventure «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | quest | Gawain | nom quest «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/13/30/