Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 2, sentence 28
Thereto is he of such might that I ween his equal may scarce be found in Christendom; that may I also say in truth, since such ill chance befell me that I met with him when my intent was evil, and not good."
Who acts: knight, I, such ill chance, intent, my · What happens: be, find, say, befall, meet, intend · To what, where: equal, Christendom, truth, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, I, such ill chance, intent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thereto | thereto | ADV | _ | 9 ween | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 ween | cop |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 ween | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 might | case |
| 5 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 might | amod |
| 6 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 ween | aux |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 ween | mark |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 ween | nsubj |
| 9 | ween | ween | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 found | nmod:poss |
| 11 | equal | equal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 found | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 found | aux |
| 13 | scarce | scarce | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 found | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 found | aux:pass |
| 15 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 ween | parataxis |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Christendom | case |
| 17 | Christendom | Christendom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 found | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 that | punct |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 ween | obl |
| 20 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 say | aux |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 say | nsubj |
| 22 | also | also | ADV | _ | 23 say | advmod |
| 23 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 that | acl:relcl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 truth | case |
| 25 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 say | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 befell | punct |
| 27 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 31 befell | mark |
| 28 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 chance | amod |
| 29 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 chance | amod |
| 30 | chance | chance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 befell | nsubj |
| 31 | befell | befall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 say | parataxis |
| 32 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 befell | obj |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 met | mark |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 met | nsubj |
| 35 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 befell | advcl |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 him | case |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 met | obl |
| 38 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 42 evil | advmod |
| 39 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 intent | nmod:poss |
| 40 | intent | intent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 evil | nsubj |
| 41 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 evil | cop |
| 42 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 met | advcl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 good | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 good | cc |
| 45 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 46 good | advmod |
| 46 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 befell | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 ween | punct |
| 48 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 ween | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | might · present | knight | that obl; I nsubj; thereto, ween property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | find | may · passive | equal | Christendom | knight nmod:poss | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | may | I | truth | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in truth=Manner | ||||
| 4 | befall | past | such ill chance | me | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | meet | past | I | with knight | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | is | past | my intent | evil property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | intend | my | nom intent «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/2/28/