Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 2, sentence 37
Then stood Arthur and laughed aloud, and likewise did all the knights who heard Sir Kay speak.
Who acts: knights · What happens: stand, laugh, do, hear · To what, where: Arthur, knights, Kay speak
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 stood | advmod |
| 2 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | obj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 laughed | cc |
| 5 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | conj |
| 6 | aloud | aloud | ADV | _ | 5 laughed | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 did | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 did | cc |
| 9 | likewise | likewise | ADV | _ | 10 did | advmod |
| 10 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | conj |
| 11 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 knights | det:predet |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 knights | det |
| 13 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 did | obj |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 heard | nsubj |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 knights | acl:relcl |
| 16 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Kay | nmod:desc |
| 17 | Kay | Kay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 speak | compound |
| 18 | speak | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 heard | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | Arthur | then | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arthur=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | laugh | past | aloud property | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do | past | all knights | likewise property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knight=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | hear | past | all knights | Kay speak | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer speak=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/2/37/