Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 2, sentence 47
Now believe ye my tale; did ye once find Perceval, an ye thought to say to him other than he chose to hear, by the Lord above us ye dare not do it for the king's crown, who is lord of this land, he would put ye to such great shame!
Who acts: you, ye, Perceval, crown, my, king · What happens: believe, find, think, say, choose, hear · To what, where: ye, Perceval, other, Lord, tale · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ye, Perceval, crown), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 believe | advmod |
| 2 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 2 believe | obj |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 tale | nmod:poss |
| 5 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 believe | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 find | punct |
| 7 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 find | aux |
| 8 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 find | nsubj |
| 9 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 10 find | advmod |
| 10 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 believe | parataxis |
| 11 | Perceval | Perceval | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 find | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 thought | punct |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 thought | det |
| 14 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 thought | nsubj |
| 15 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 Perceval | acl:relcl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 say | mark |
| 17 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 thought | xcomp |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 say | obl |
| 20 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 say | obj |
| 21 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 23 chose | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 chose | nsubj |
| 23 | chose | choose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 other | ccomp |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 hear | mark |
| 25 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 chose | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Lord | punct |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 Lord | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Lord | det |
| 29 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 hear | obj |
| 30 | above | above | ADP | _ | 31 us | case |
| 31 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 Lord | nmod |
| 32 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 25 hear | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | dare | dare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 hear | conj |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 dare | advmod |
| 35 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 dare | xcomp |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 do | obj |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 crown | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 king | det |
| 39 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 crown | nmod:poss |
| 40 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 39 king | case |
| 41 | crown | crown | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 do | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 lord | punct |
| 43 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 45 lord | nsubj |
| 44 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 lord | cop |
| 45 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 crown | appos |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 land | case |
| 47 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 48 land | det |
| 48 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 lord | nmod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 put | punct |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 put | nsubj |
| 51 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 put | aux |
| 52 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 say | conj |
| 53 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 52 put | obj |
| 54 | to | to | ADP | _ | 57 shame | case |
| 55 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 shame | amod |
| 56 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 shame | amod |
| 57 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 put | obl |
| 58 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | imperative | you not said here | ye | now | my tale obj | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent ye=Theme tale=Eventuality | ||
| 2 | find | past · do-support | ye | Perceval | once property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perceval=Topic | |||
| 3 | think speech: other | past | ye | Perceval not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent perceval=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | ye not said here | other | Perceval | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent other=Topic to he=Recipient | |||
| 5 | choose | past | Perceval | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | hear | to-infinitive | Perceval not said here | the Lord | above us; ye obl:unmarked | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | not dare | infinitive | Perceval not said here | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | not do | infinitive | Perceval not said here | tale | for the king's crown | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 9 | is a | present | the king's crown | lord | of this land | tree rules | |||
| 10 | put | would | Perceval | ye | to such great shame | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent ye=Goal | |||
| 11 | tell | my | nom tale «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 12 | crown | the king | nom crown «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/2/47/