Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 2, sentence 60
Quoth Arthur the king: "Sir Lancelot, of this thing it behoves ye take better rede; lightly might it turn to my shame if all my knights rode forth, and I thereafter were beset with strife and warfare, as full oft hath chanced aforetime!
Who acts: honour, ye, it, knights, my · What happens: behove, take, rede, turn, ride, be · To what, where: thing, shame, Arthur king · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (honour, ye, it, knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quoth | Quoth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Arthur | compound |
| 2 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 king | compound |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 chanced | nsubj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 Lancelot | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Lancelot | punct |
| 7 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 8 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 king | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 thing | punct |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 thing | case |
| 11 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 thing | det |
| 12 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Lancelot | appos |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 behoves | nsubj |
| 14 | behoves | behove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 thing | acl:relcl |
| 15 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 16 take | nsubj |
| 16 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 behoves | xcomp |
| 17 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 16 take | advmod |
| 18 | rede | rede | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 better | csubj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 turn | punct |
| 20 | lightly | lightly | ADV | _ | 23 turn | advmod |
| 21 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 turn | aux |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 turn | nsubj |
| 23 | turn | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 chanced | advcl |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 shame | case |
| 25 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 shame | nmod:poss |
| 26 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turn | obl |
| 27 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 31 rode | mark |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 knights | det:predet |
| 29 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 knights | nmod:poss |
| 30 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 rode | nsubj |
| 31 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 turn | advcl |
| 32 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 31 rode | advmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 beset | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 beset | cc |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 beset | nsubj |
| 36 | thereafter | thereafter | ADV | _ | 38 beset | advmod |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 beset | cop |
| 38 | beset | beset | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 turn | conj |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 strife | case |
| 40 | strife | strife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 beset | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 warfare | cc |
| 42 | warfare | warfare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 strife | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 hath | punct |
| 44 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 47 hath | mark |
| 45 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 oft | amod |
| 46 | oft | oft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 hath | nsubj |
| 47 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 chanced | aux:pass |
| 48 | chanced | chance | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 49 | aforetime | aforetime | ADV | _ | 48 chanced | advmod |
| 50 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 48 chanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | behove in a quote | present | honour | this thing not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | take in a quote | infinitive | ye | well property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | rede in a quote | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | turn in a quote | might | it | my shame | lightly property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to shame=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | ride a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | past | my knights | forth property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | past | ye | with strife and warfare; beset, thereafter property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | chance in a quote | present · passive | the Arthur king | aforetime property | vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot | ||||
| 8 | shame in a quote | my | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/2/60/