Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 3, sentence 13
Thus stood the three in the open, and Sir Gawain spake to the Moor: "Ye be foolish in that ye do such things--now, neither we nor ye are harmed, yet might ye lightly do that which should cost ye your life.
Who acts: Ye · What happens: stand, be, do, harm, cost · To what, where: three, open, that, such things, we, life · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 stood | advmod |
| 2 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 three | det |
| 4 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 stood | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 open | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 open | det |
| 7 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 stood | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 spake | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 spake | cc |
| 10 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 spake | compound |
| 11 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Sir | flat |
| 12 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | obl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 Moor | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Moor | det |
| 15 | Moor | moor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 spake | nmod |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 foolish | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 foolish | punct |
| 18 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 20 foolish | nsubj |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 foolish | cop |
| 20 | foolish | foolish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 do | advcl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 that | case |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 foolish | obl |
| 23 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 do | nsubj |
| 24 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | parataxis |
| 25 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 things | amod |
| 26 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 do | obj |
| 27 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 24 do | punct |
| 28 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 do | advmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 harmed | punct |
| 30 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 35 harmed | cc:preconj |
| 31 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 harmed | nsubj |
| 32 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 35 harmed | cc |
| 33 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 35 harmed | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 harmed | aux:pass |
| 35 | harmed | harm | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 stood | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 do | punct |
| 37 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 41 do | cc |
| 38 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 do | aux |
| 39 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 41 do | nsubj |
| 40 | lightly | lightly | ADV | _ | 41 do | advmod |
| 41 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | parataxis |
| 42 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 45 cost | mark |
| 43 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 45 cost | nsubj |
| 44 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 cost | aux |
| 45 | cost | cost | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 do | advcl |
| 46 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 45 cost | iobj |
| 47 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 life | nmod:poss |
| 48 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 cost | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the three | the open | Sir spake to the Moor obl; thus property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is in a quote | infinitive | Ye | that | foolish property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | do in a quote | present | ye | such things | now | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | harm in a quote | present · passive | we | ye nsubj:pass | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | do in a quote | might | ye | lightly property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | cost in a quote | should | your life | ye | which nsubj | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme ye=Beneficiary life=Value |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/3/13/