Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 3, sentence 64
When the Moor heard these words he laughed with heart and mouth (his teeth were white as chalk, otherwise was he altogether black), and he spake, "God our Father reward ye, noble knights, for the good will and the honour ye have done me, and also for the great comfort wherewith ye have lightened mine heart that long hath been all too heavy.
Who acts: Moor, teeth, ye, heart · What happens: hear, laugh, be, speak, reward, do · To what, where: words, honour, Moor, ye · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moor, teeth, ye, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 heard | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Moor | det |
| 3 | Moor | moor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 laughed | advcl |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 words | det |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 heard | obj |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 laughed | nsubj |
| 8 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 heart | case |
| 10 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 laughed | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 mouth | cc |
| 12 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heart | conj |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 white | punct |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 15 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 white | nsubj |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 white | cop |
| 17 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 laughed | parataxis |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 chalk | case |
| 19 | chalk | chalk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 white | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 black | punct |
| 21 | otherwise | otherwise | ADV | _ | 25 black | advmod |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 black | cop |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 black | nsubj |
| 24 | altogether | altogether | ADV | _ | 25 black | advmod |
| 25 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 white | parataxis |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 black | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 spake | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 spake | cc |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 spake | nsubj |
| 30 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 laughed | parataxis |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 God | punct |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 God | punct |
| 33 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 spake | appos |
| 34 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 reward | nmod:poss |
| 35 | Father | Father | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 reward | compound |
| 36 | reward | reward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 will | nsubj |
| 37 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 36 reward | nsubj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 knights | punct |
| 39 | noble | noble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 knights | amod |
| 40 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 reward | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 will | punct |
| 42 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 45 will | mark |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 good | det |
| 44 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 will | nsubj |
| 45 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 spake | acl:relcl |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 honour | cc |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 honour | det |
| 48 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 will | conj |
| 49 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 51 done | nsubj |
| 50 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 done | aux |
| 51 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 48 honour | acl:relcl |
| 52 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 51 done | iobj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 comfort | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 comfort | cc |
| 55 | also | also | ADV | _ | 59 comfort | advmod |
| 56 | for | for | ADP | _ | 59 comfort | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 comfort | det |
| 58 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 comfort | amod |
| 59 | comfort | comfort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 honour | conj |
| 60 | wherewith | wherewith | ADV | PronType=Int | 63 lightened | advmod |
| 61 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 63 lightened | nsubj:pass |
| 62 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 63 lightened | aux |
| 63 | lightened | lighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 59 comfort | advcl |
| 64 | mine | my | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 lightened | obj |
| 65 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 lightened | obj |
| 66 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 72 heavy | nsubj |
| 67 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 72 heavy | advmod |
| 68 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 72 heavy | aux |
| 69 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 72 heavy | cop |
| 70 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 72 heavy | nsubj |
| 71 | too | too | ADV | _ | 72 heavy | advmod |
| 72 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 heart | acl:relcl |
| 73 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the Moor | this words | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | laugh | past | Moor | with heart and mouth | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | past | Moor's teeth | as chalk; white property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | past | Moor | altogether, black, otherwise property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | Moor | God appos | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | reward in a quote | ye | our nmod:poss; noble knights conj | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | do in a quote | present · perfect | ye | the honour and the great comfort not said here | Moor | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality | |||
| 8 | lighten in a quote | present · perfect · passive | ye | mine obj; heart obj; wherewith property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | is in a quote | present · perfect | heart | heavy, long property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/3/64/