Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 4, sentence 18
The knights of whom ye ask did there their orisons, as well became them, but I may not tell ye whither they went at their departing; in sooth I know naught, for I said my prayers here within and forgat them.
Who acts: ye, knights, I, steeds, my · What happens: ask, do, become, not tell, go, know · To what, where: orisons, steeds, ye, departing, naught, sooth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, knights, I, steeds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 knights | det |
| 2 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 did | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 whom | case |
| 4 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 2 knights | nmod |
| 5 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 6 ask | nsubj |
| 6 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 whom | acl:relcl |
| 7 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 did | advmod |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 orisons | nmod:poss |
| 10 | orisons | orison | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 did | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 became | punct |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 14 became | cc |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 as | fixed |
| 14 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 did | parataxis |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 became | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 tell | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 tell | cc |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 tell | nsubj |
| 19 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 tell | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 tell | advmod |
| 21 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 became | conj |
| 22 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 tell | iobj |
| 23 | whither | whither | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 went | advmod |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 went | nsubj |
| 25 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 tell | ccomp |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 departing | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 departing | nmod:poss |
| 28 | departing | departing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 went | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 know | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 sooth | case |
| 31 | sooth | sooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 know | obl |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 know | nsubj |
| 33 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 did | parataxis |
| 34 | naught | naught | PRON | PronType=Neg | 33 know | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 said | punct |
| 36 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 38 said | mark |
| 37 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 said | nsubj |
| 38 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 know | conj |
| 39 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 prayers | nmod:poss |
| 40 | prayers | prayer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 said | obj |
| 41 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 prayers | advmod |
| 42 | within | within | ADP | _ | 44 forgat | mark |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 forgat | cc |
| 44 | forgat | forgat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 said | ccomp |
| 45 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 forgat | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 did | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | present | ye | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | do | past | the knights | steeds's orisons | there | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent orison=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | become | past | steeds = steed | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient they=Result | |||||
| 4 | not tell speech: assert | may | I | ye | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent ye=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | go | past | steeds = steed | steeds's departing | whither property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at departing=Location | |||
| 6 | know | present | I | naught | sooth | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer naught=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | say speech: assert | past | I | my prayers | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | forgat | infinitive | steeds = steed | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | pray | my | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/18/