Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 4, sentence 20
Then were the knights sorely grieved, and kindled as a coal for sorrow, in that they might not know, by any craft, whitherward they rode.
Who acts: steeds · What happens: be, grieve, kindle, not know, ride · To what, where: knights, craft, whitherward
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steeds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 grieved | advmod |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 knights | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 knights | det |
| 4 | knights | Knight | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 grieved | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | sorely | sorely | ADV | _ | 6 grieved | advmod |
| 6 | grieved | grieve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 kindled | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 kindled | cc |
| 9 | kindled | kindle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 grieved | conj |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 coal | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 coal | det |
| 12 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 kindled | obl |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 sorrow | case |
| 14 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 coal | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 know | punct |
| 16 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 21 know | mark |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 in | fixed |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 know | nsubj |
| 19 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 know | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 know | advmod |
| 21 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 kindled | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 craft | punct |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 craft | case |
| 24 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 25 craft | det |
| 25 | craft | craft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 know | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 whitherward | punct |
| 27 | whitherward | whitherward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 craft | appos |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 rode | nsubj |
| 29 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 whitherward | acl:relcl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 grieved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the knights | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | grieve | participle · passive | the knights | then | sorely property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | kindle | past | as a coal for sorrow | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | not know | might | steeds = steed | any craft | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer craft=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | ride | past | steeds = steed | whitherward not said here | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whitherward=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/20/