Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 4, sentence 75
Sir Gawain beheld how he smote her, many a time and oft, blow upon blow, with his fist that weighed heavily for the mailed gauntlet that he ware.
Who acts: Sir, fist · What happens: behold, smite, blow, weigh, mail, ware · To what, where: truth
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, fist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 beheld | nsubj |
| 2 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Sir | flat |
| 3 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 smote | advmod |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 smote | nsubj |
| 6 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 beheld | advcl |
| 7 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 smote | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 many | punct |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 smote | obj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 time | det |
| 11 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 many | obl:unmarked |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 oft | cc |
| 13 | oft | oft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 many | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 blow | punct |
| 15 | blow | blow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 beheld | conj |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 17 blow | case |
| 17 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 blow | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 fist | punct |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 fist | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 fist | nmod:poss |
| 21 | fist | fist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 blow | obl |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 weighed | nsubj |
| 23 | weighed | weigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 fist | acl:relcl |
| 24 | heavily | heavily | ADV | _ | 23 weighed | advmod |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 gauntlet | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 gauntlet | det |
| 27 | mailed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 gauntlet | amod | |
| 28 | gauntlet | gauntlet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 weighed | obl |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 ware | mark |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 ware | nsubj |
| 31 | ware | ware | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 weighed | advcl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 beheld | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | behold | past | Sir | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | smite | past | Sir | truth | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus she=Experiencer many=Result | ||||
| 3 | blow | infinitive | Sir not said here | upon blow; with Sir's fist | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»: with fist=Theme | ||||
| 4 | weigh | past | Sir's fist | for the mailed gauntlet; heavily property | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | participle | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||||
| 6 | ware | Sir | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/75/