Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 5, sentence 40
Sir Gawain dismounted, whether he liked it well or ill, and let his horse that men call the Gringalet, stand beside him; never a foot would that steed stir till its lord came, and once more laid hand on it.
Who acts: Sir, men, horse, foot, lord · What happens: dismount, like, let, call, stand, not stir · To what, where: laid hand, sword, horse · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, men, horse, foot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 dismounted | nsubj |
| 2 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Sir | flat |
| 3 | dismounted | dismount | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 liked | punct |
| 5 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 7 liked | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 liked | nsubj |
| 7 | liked | like | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 dismounted | advcl:relcl |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 liked | obj |
| 9 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 liked | advmod |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 ill | cc |
| 11 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 well | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 let | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 let | cc |
| 14 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 dismounted | conj |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 horse | nmod:poss |
| 16 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 let | obj |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 call | obj |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 call | nsubj |
| 19 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 horse | acl:relcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Gringalet | det |
| 21 | Gringalet | Gringalet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 call | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 stand | punct |
| 23 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 let | xcomp |
| 24 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 stand | obl |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 stir | punct |
| 27 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 33 stir | advmod |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 foot | det |
| 29 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stir | nsubj |
| 30 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 stir | aux |
| 31 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 stir | det |
| 32 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stir | compound |
| 33 | stir | stir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dismounted | parataxis |
| 34 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 37 came | mark |
| 35 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 lord | nmod:poss |
| 36 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 came | nsubj |
| 37 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 stir | advcl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 hand | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 hand | cc |
| 40 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 41 more | advmod |
| 41 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 laid | advmod |
| 42 | laid | laid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 hand | amod |
| 43 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dismounted | obl |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 it | case |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 hand | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dismounted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dismount | past | Sir | laid hand on sword | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | like | past | Sir | sword | well property | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | |||
| 3 | let | infinitive | Sir not said here | Sir's horse | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | call | present | men | Sir's horse | the Gringalet xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent that=Recipient | |||
| 5 | stand | infinitive | Sir's horse not said here | beside Sir | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside he=Location | ||||
| 6 | not stir | would | a foot | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | come | past | sword's lord | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/5/40/