Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 5, sentence 60
They were right joyful that she was once more in their power, and they left Sir Gawain on the field where he was sore bestead--they durst not take part with him against their overlord, so greatly did they fear his kin.
Who acts: Twas, many, Gawain, sore · What happens: be, leave, bestead, not take, fear · To what, where: power, Gawain, field, part, overlord, kin
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Twas, many, Gawain, sore), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 joyful | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 joyful | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADV | _ | 4 joyful | advmod |
| 4 | joyful | joyful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 more | mark |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 more | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 more | cop |
| 8 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 9 more | advmod |
| 9 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 joyful | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 power | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 power | nmod:poss |
| 12 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 more | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 left | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 left | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 left | nsubj |
| 16 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 joyful | conj |
| 17 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Gawain | nmod:desc |
| 18 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 left | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 field | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 field | det |
| 21 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 left | obl |
| 22 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 25 sore | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 sore | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 sore | cop |
| 25 | sore | sore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 bestead | nsubj |
| 26 | bestead | bestead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 field | acl:relcl |
| 27 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 31 take | punct |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 take | nsubj |
| 29 | durst | durst | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 take | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 take | advmod |
| 31 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 joyful | parataxis |
| 32 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 take | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 him | case |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 take | obl |
| 35 | against | against | ADP | _ | 37 overlord | case |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 overlord | nmod:poss |
| 37 | overlord | overlord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 take | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 fear | punct |
| 39 | so | so | ADV | _ | 43 fear | advmod |
| 40 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 43 fear | advmod |
| 41 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 fear | aux |
| 42 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 fear | nsubj |
| 43 | fear | fear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 take | conj |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 kin | nmod:poss |
| 45 | kin | kin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 fear | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 joyful | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Twas = twa | joyful, right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | past | many | Twas's power | more, once property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | leave | past | Twas = twa | Gawain Sir | the field | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gawain=Theme on field=Location | |||
| 4 | is | past | Gawain | sore property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | bestead | present | sore | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | not take | present | Twas = twa | part | Twas's overlord | with Gawain | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent part=Theme against overlord=Destination | ||
| 7 | fear | past · do-support | Twas = twa | Gawain's kin | greatly property | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kin=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/5/60/