Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 5, sentence 66
Men say oft, and 'tis true, as was here well proven, that he who recks not of his ways, but doeth that which is displeasing alike to God and to the world, he was born in an evil hour.
Who acts: Men, Tis · What happens: say, be, prove, not reck, do, displease · To what, where: oft, God · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Men, Tis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 say | nsubj |
| 2 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | oft | oft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 say | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 true | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 true | cc |
| 6 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 true | punct |
| 7 | tis | tis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 true | nsubj |
| 8 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 say | parataxis |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 proven | punct |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 here | case |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 here | cop |
| 12 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 proven | obl |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 proven | advmod |
| 14 | proven | prove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 true | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 recks | punct |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 recks | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 recks | nsubj |
| 18 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 recks | nsubj |
| 19 | recks | reck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 proven | conj |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 recks | advmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 ways | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 ways | nmod:poss |
| 23 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 recks | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 doeth | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 doeth | cc |
| 26 | doeth | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 recks | conj |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 born | mark |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 displeasing | nsubj |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 displeasing | aux |
| 30 | displeasing | displease | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 born | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | alike | alike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 displeasing | xcomp |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 God | case |
| 33 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 displeasing | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 world | cc |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 world | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 world | det |
| 37 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 God | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 displeasing | punct |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 born | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 born | aux:pass |
| 41 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 doeth | advcl |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 hour | case |
| 43 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 hour | det |
| 44 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 hour | amod |
| 45 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 born | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Men | oft | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent oft=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | past | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | prove | participle | well property | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not reck | present | Tis | of Sir's ways; who nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do | present | Tis not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | displease | present · progressive | God and the world | which nsubj; alike property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | bear | past · passive | hour | Sir nsubj:pass | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/5/66/