Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 10
Thus it fell out that they brought Sir Gawain on the horse, sorely wounded and mishandled, within the nearness of half a mile, so that the knight knew he was nigh to the cell of the Hermit of whom at that self-same cross-road he had asked tidings of King Arthur's knights, and of that bad and evil land where many were brought to shame.
Who acts: shame, smart, knight, Sir · What happens: fall out, bring, mishandle, know, be, ask · To what, where: Gawain, nearness, tidings, many · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shame, smart, knight, Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 3 fell | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 fell | nsubj |
| 3 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 fell | compound:prt |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 brought | mark |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 brought | nsubj |
| 7 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | advcl |
| 8 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Gawain | nmod:desc |
| 9 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 brought | obj |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 horse | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 horse | det |
| 12 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 brought | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 wounded | punct |
| 14 | sorely | sorely | ADV | _ | 15 wounded | advmod |
| 15 | wounded | wounded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 horse | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 mishandled | cc |
| 17 | mishandled | mishandle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 nearness | punct |
| 19 | within | within | ADP | _ | 21 nearness | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nearness | det |
| 21 | nearness | nearness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 mishandled | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 mile | case |
| 23 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 25 mile | det:predet |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 mile | det |
| 25 | mile | mile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 nearness | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 knew | punct |
| 27 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 31 knew | mark |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 so | fixed |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 knight | det |
| 30 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 knew | nsubj |
| 31 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 mishandled | parataxis |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 nigh | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 nigh | cop |
| 34 | nigh | nigh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 knew | ccomp |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 cell | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 cell | det |
| 37 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 nigh | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 Hermit | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Hermit | det |
| 40 | Hermit | Hermit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 cell | nmod |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 whom | case |
| 42 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 Hermit | nmod |
| 43 | at | at | ADP | _ | 48 cross-road | case |
| 44 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 48 cross-road | nsubj |
| 45 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 cross-road | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 self | punct |
| 47 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 cross-road | amod |
| 48 | cross-road | cross-road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 whom | nmod |
| 49 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 asked | nsubj |
| 50 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 asked | aux |
| 51 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 48 cross-road | acl:relcl |
| 52 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 asked | xcomp |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 57 knights | case |
| 54 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 Arthur | compound |
| 55 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 knights | nmod:poss |
| 56 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 55 Arthur | case |
| 57 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 tidings | nmod |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 bad | punct |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 bad | cc |
| 60 | of | of | ADP | _ | 61 that | case |
| 61 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 62 bad | obl |
| 62 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fell | parataxis |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 65 land | cc |
| 64 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 land | amod |
| 65 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 bad | conj |
| 66 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 69 brought | advmod |
| 67 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 68 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 brought | aux:pass |
| 69 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 65 land | acl:relcl |
| 70 | to | to | PART | _ | 71 shame | mark |
| 71 | shame | shame | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 69 brought | xcomp |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall out | past | shame | thus property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | bring | past | smart | Gawain Sir | on the horse | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent gawain=Theme on horse=Destination | |||
| 3 | mishandle | past | shame not said here | the nearness of half mile | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent nearness=Patient | ||||
| 4 | know | past | the knight | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is | past | Sir | to the cell of the Hermit of the cell of the Hermit of the cell; nigh property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | ask speech: ask | past · perfect | Sir | tidings of King Arthur's knights | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cross-road=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | bring | past · passive | many | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | shame | to-infinitive | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/7/10/