Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 17
But he saw there the hoof-prints of horses, which lay before him and were but newly made; by this he deemed that his father had passed that way but a short while before.
Who acts: Morien, hoof prints, father · What happens: see, lie, make, deem, pass, print · To what, where: way, horses
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Morien, hoof prints, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 saw | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 saw | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 prints | det |
| 6 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 prints | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 hoof | punct |
| 8 | prints | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 lay | nsubj | |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 horses | case |
| 10 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 prints | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 lay | punct |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 lay | nsubj |
| 13 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 saw | parataxis |
| 14 | before | before | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 lay | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 made | cc |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 made | aux:pass |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 made | cc |
| 19 | newly | newly | ADV | _ | 20 made | advmod |
| 20 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 lay | conj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 deemed | punct |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 this | case |
| 23 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 deemed | obl |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 deemed | nsubj |
| 25 | deemed | deem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 saw | conj |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 passed | mark |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 father | nmod:poss |
| 28 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 passed | nsubj |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 passed | aux |
| 30 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 deemed | ccomp |
| 31 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 way | det |
| 32 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 passed | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 while | cc |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 while | det |
| 35 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 while | amod |
| 36 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 passed | conj |
| 37 | before | before | ADV | _ | 30 passed | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Morien | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | lie | past | the hoof prints of horses | before Morien | which nsubj | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location | |||
| 3 | make | past · passive | the hoof prints of horses not said here | newly property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» | ||||
| 4 | deem | past | Morien | by this | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | pass | past · perfect | Morien's father | that way | before property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | horses | nom print «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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