Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 25
But all they who lay in the ships, when they beheld Morien who had doffed his helm, were so afeard for him that they might neither hear nor understand question nor answer.
Who acts: knights, Morien · What happens: lay, behold, doff, be, hear, understand · To what, where: helm, ships, question
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights, Morien), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 lay | cc |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 they | reparandum |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 lay | nsubj |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 lay | nsubj |
| 5 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 ships | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 ships | det |
| 8 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 afeard | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 beheld | punct |
| 10 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 beheld | advmod |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 beheld | nsubj |
| 12 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 ships | acl:relcl |
| 13 | Morien | Morien | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 doffed | nsubj |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 doffed | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 doffed | aux |
| 16 | doffed | doff | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 beheld | ccomp |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 helm | nmod:poss |
| 18 | helm | helm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 doffed | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 doffed | punct |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 afeard | cop |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 22 afeard | advmod |
| 22 | afeard | afeard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 lay | ccomp |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 afeard | obl |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 hear | mark |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 hear | nsubj |
| 27 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 hear | aux |
| 28 | neither | neither | ADV | _ | 29 hear | advmod |
| 29 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 afeard | advcl |
| 30 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 31 understand | cc |
| 31 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 hear | conj |
| 32 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 understand | obj |
| 33 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 34 answer | cc |
| 34 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 question | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | present | knights = knight | who nsubj | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | behold | past | knights = knight | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | doff | past · perfect | Morien | Morien's helm | who nsubj | vn simple_dressing-41.3.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helm=Theme | |||
| 4 | is | past | knights = knight not said here | the ships | for Morien; afeard property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | hear | might | knights = knight | neither property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | understand | infinitive | knights = knight not said here | question nor answer | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer question=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/7/25/