Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 3

Sir Gawain must needs yield him; he was felled to the ground, yet were there some to whom it cost their life ere he was captive, and some it cost a limb, or twain, that might never more be healed; and he himself was so sore mis-handled that all he ware, whether it were armour or other clothing, was rent in many a place, so that the flesh might be seen.

Who acts: Gawain needs, ground, Sir, some, ware · What happens: yield, fell, be, cost, not heal, handle · To what, where: Sir, life, limb, armour, ware, many place

This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain needs, ground, Sir, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sir	sir	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Gawain	nmod:desc
2	Gawain	Gawain	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 needs	compound
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 needs	aux
4	needs	need	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 yield	nsubj
5	yield	yield	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 yield	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 felled	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 felled	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 felled	aux:pass
10	felled	fell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 yield	conj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 ground	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 ground	det
13	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 felled	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 there	punct
15	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	17 there	cc
16	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 there	cop
17	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 yield	conj
18	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	17 there	obj
19	to	to	ADP	_	20 whom	case
20	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 some	nmod
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 cost	nsubj
22	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 whom	acl:relcl
23	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 life	nmod:poss
24	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 cost	obj
25	ere	ere	ADV	_	22 cost	advmod
26	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 captive	nsubj
27	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 captive	cop
28	captive	captive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 cost	parataxis
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 cost	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 cost	cc
31	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	33 cost	nsubj
32	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 cost	nsubj
33	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 yield	conj
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 limb	det
35	limb	limb	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 cost	obj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 twain	punct
37	or	or	CCONJ	_	38 twain	cc
38	twain	twain	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 limb	conj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 healed	punct
40	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	45 healed	nsubj
41	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	45 healed	aux
42	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	45 healed	advmod
43	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	45 healed	nsubj:pass
44	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	45 healed	aux:pass
45	healed	heal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	35 limb	acl:relcl
46	;	;	PUNCT	_	55 handled	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	55 handled	cc
48	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 handled	nsubj:pass
49	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	48 he	nmod:unmarked
50	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	55 handled	aux:pass
51	so	so	ADV	_	55 handled	advmod
52	sore	sore	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 handled	nsubj:pass
53	mis	mis	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 handled	compound
54	-	-	PUNCT	_	53 mis	punct
55	handled	handle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 yield	parataxis
56	that	that	SCONJ	_	70 rent	mark
57	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	59 ware	det
58	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	59 ware	nsubj
59	ware	ware	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 rent	nsubj:pass
60	,	,	PUNCT	_	64 armour	punct
61	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	64 armour	mark
62	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	64 armour	nsubj
63	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	64 armour	cop
64	armour	armour	NOUN	Number=Sing	59 ware	appos
65	or	or	CCONJ	_	67 clothing	cc
66	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	67 clothing	amod
67	clothing	clothing	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 armour	conj
68	,	,	PUNCT	_	59 ware	punct
69	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	70 rent	aux:pass
70	rent	rend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	55 handled	advcl
71	in	in	ADP	_	74 place	case
72	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	74 place	amod
73	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	74 place	det
74	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 rent	obl
75	,	,	PUNCT	_	82 seen	punct
76	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	82 seen	mark
77	that	that	SCONJ	_	76 so	fixed
78	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	79 flesh	det
79	flesh	flesh	NOUN	Number=Sing	82 seen	nsubj:pass
80	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	82 seen	aux
81	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	82 seen	aux:pass
82	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	70 rent	conj
83	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 yield	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	yield	present	Gawain needs	Sir			vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	fell	past · passive		Sir		to the ground	tree rules
3	is	past	Gawain needs not said here			there property	tree rules
4	cost	past	ground	needs's life		ere property	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme life=Value
5	is	past	Sir			captive property	tree rules
6	cost	past	some	a limb or twain		ground nsubj	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme limb=Value
7	not heal	might · passive		a limb or twain			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
8	handle	past · passive		Sir		mis compound	vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
9	ware		Sir				tree rules
10	is a	past	ware	armour or other clothing		other clothing conj	tree rules
11	rend	past · passive		all ware	a many place		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
12	see	might · passive		the flesh			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/7/3/

🌲 Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 3

The tree

Pragmatics

Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 3