Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 8
There were among them knights and squires, the richest, and the most nobly born after the lord of the land; and all had sworn an oath that they would lead Sir Gawain to the cross-roads, at the entering in of their land for the greater shaming of King Arthur's Court.
Who acts: knights, smart · What happens: be, bear, swear, lead · To what, where: all, Sir, entering
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights, smart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 were | expl |
| 2 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | among | among | ADP | _ | 4 them | case |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 were | obl |
| 5 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 were | nsubj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 squires | cc |
| 7 | squires | squire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 knights | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 richest | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 richest | det |
| 10 | richest | rich | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 knights | amod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 born | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 born | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 most | det |
| 14 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 15 nobly | advmod |
| 15 | nobly | nobly | ADV | _ | 16 born | advmod |
| 16 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 were | conj |
| 17 | after | after | ADP | _ | 19 lord | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 lord | det |
| 19 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 born | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 land | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 land | det |
| 22 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lord | nmod |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 sworn | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 sworn | cc |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 sworn | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 sworn | aux |
| 27 | sworn | swear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 were | conj |
| 28 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 oath | det |
| 29 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 sworn | obj |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 lead | mark |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 lead | nsubj |
| 32 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 lead | aux |
| 33 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 sworn | advcl |
| 34 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 lead | obj |
| 35 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Sir | flat |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 cross-roads | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 cross-roads | det |
| 38 | cross-roads | cross-road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 lead | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 entering | punct |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 entering | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 entering | det |
| 42 | entering | entering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lead | obl |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 46 land | case |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 in | fixed |
| 45 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 land | nmod:poss |
| 46 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 entering | nmod |
| 47 | for | for | ADP | _ | 50 shaming | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 shaming | det |
| 49 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 50 shaming | amod |
| 50 | shaming | shaming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 entering | nmod |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 Court | case |
| 52 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 Arthur | compound |
| 53 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 Court | nmod:poss |
| 54 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 53 Arthur | case |
| 55 | Court | Court | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 shaming | nmod |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | knights and squires | there | among smart | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among they=Location | |||
| 2 | bear | participle | knights and squires not said here | after the lord of the land | nobly property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | swear | past · perfect · passive | all | a oath obj | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme oath=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | lead | would | smart | Sir | the entering in smart's land for the greater shaming of King Arthur's Court | to the cross-roads | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sir=Theme to cross-road=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/7/8/