Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 1
With that came the hermit into the chapel, and spake, and told them how he had heard tidings from pilgrims who had come thither that the Red Knight and his companions had but late ridden the road that led toward the sea coast, though he had marked it not; 'twas but yesterday he had been told thereof.
Who acts: hermit, pilgrims, Red Knight, road · What happens: come, tell, hear, have, ride, lead · To what, where: spake, chapel, twas, tidings, pilgrims, road · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hermit, pilgrims, Red Knight, road), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 2 that | case |
| 2 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 came | obl |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hermit | det |
| 5 | hermit | hermit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 chapel | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 chapel | det |
| 8 | chapel | chapel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 spake | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 spake | cc |
| 11 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 told | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 told | cc |
| 14 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | conj |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 told | iobj |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 heard | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 heard | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | aux |
| 19 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 told | ccomp |
| 20 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 heard | obj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 pilgrims | case |
| 22 | pilgrims | pilgrim | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 heard | obl |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 come | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 come | aux |
| 25 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 pilgrims | acl:relcl |
| 26 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 25 come | advmod |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 had | mark |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Knight | det |
| 29 | Red | Red | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Knight | flat |
| 30 | Knight | Knight | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 had | nsubj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 companions | cc |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 companions | nmod:poss |
| 33 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 Knight | conj |
| 34 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 come | advcl |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 ridden | cc |
| 36 | late | late | ADV | Degree=Pos | 37 ridden | advmod |
| 37 | ridden | ride | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 heard | conj |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 road | det |
| 39 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 ridden | obj |
| 40 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 led | nsubj |
| 41 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 road | acl:relcl |
| 42 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 45 coast | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 coast | det |
| 44 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 coast | compound |
| 45 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 led | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 marked | punct |
| 47 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 50 marked | mark |
| 48 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 marked | nsubj:pass |
| 49 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 marked | aux |
| 50 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 ridden | conj |
| 51 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 marked | obj |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 50 marked | advmod |
| 53 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 55 twas | punct |
| 54 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 55 twas | punct |
| 55 | twas | twa | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 told | iobj |
| 56 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 57 yesterday | cc |
| 57 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 twas | conj |
| 58 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 told | nsubj |
| 59 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 61 told | aux |
| 60 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 61 told | aux:pass |
| 61 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 57 yesterday | acl:relcl |
| 62 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 61 told | advmod |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the hermit | spake | the chapel | with that | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into chapel=Initial_Location | ||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | the hermit not said here | twas but yesterday | them = they iobj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | hear | past · perfect | hermit | tidings | pilgrims | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent tiding=Topic from pilgrim=Source | |||
| 4 | come | past · perfect | pilgrims | thither property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | have | past | the Red Knight and hermit's companions | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | ride | participle | hermit not said here | the road | late property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Theme | |||
| 7 | lead | past | the road | the sea coast | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent toward coast=Destination | ||||
| 8 | not mark | past · perfect · passive | hermit | road obj | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme it=Attribute | ||||
| 9 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | hermit | thereof property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/1/