Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 18
His saddle-girth, his stirrup-leathers, were cut midway through; as he thought to sit upon his steed they brake clean in twain, and left him standing upon his feet.
Who acts: speed, girth · What happens: cut, think, sit, break, leave, stand · To what, where: saddle girth, twain, steed, speed, feet
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (speed, girth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 girth | nmod:poss |
| 2 | saddle | saddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 girth | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 saddle | punct |
| 4 | girth | girth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 leathers | punct |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 leathers | nmod:poss |
| 7 | stirrup | stirrup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 leathers | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 stirrup | punct |
| 9 | leathers | leather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 girth | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 girth | punct |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 cut | aux:pass |
| 12 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | midway | midway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cut | obj |
| 14 | through | through | ADV | _ | 12 cut | advmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 thought | punct |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 thought | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 thought | nsubj |
| 18 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 cut | parataxis |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 sit | mark |
| 20 | sit | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 thought | xcomp |
| 21 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 23 steed | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 steed | nmod:poss |
| 23 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sit | obl |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 brake | nsubj |
| 25 | brake | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 steed | acl:relcl |
| 26 | clean | clean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 sit | advcl |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 twain | case |
| 28 | twain | twain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sit | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 left | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 left | cc |
| 31 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 thought | conj |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 left | obj |
| 33 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 left | advcl |
| 34 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 36 feet | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 feet | nmod:poss |
| 36 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 standing | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 cut | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | past · passive | speed's saddle girth and speed's stirrup leathers | midway obj; through property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary midway=Product | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | past | speed | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | sit | to-infinitive | speed not said here | twain | upon speed's steed | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon steed=Location | |||
| 4 | break | present | girth | speed's steed not said here | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer steed=Patient | ||||
| 5 | leave | past | speed not said here | speed | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 6 | stand | gerund | speed not said here | speed's feet | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon foot=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/18/