Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 75
And I be one of these messengers, and have ridden as swiftly as my steed might bear me from Arthur's Court hitherward, and ever have I sought tidings of ye, till at length men told me, and I knew that ye twain had come over to this cross, to this parting of the ways.
Who acts: I, steed, length men, ye twain, ways · What happens: be, ride, bear, have, seek, tell · To what, where: one, me, Court hitherward, tidings, cross · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, steed, length men, ye twain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 one | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 one | nsubj |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 one | cop |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 messengers | case |
| 6 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 messengers | det |
| 7 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 one | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 ridden | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 ridden | cc |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 ridden | aux |
| 11 | ridden | ride | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 one | parataxis |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | _ | 13 swiftly | advmod |
| 13 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 11 ridden | advmod |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 bear | mark |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 steed | nmod:poss |
| 16 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bear | nsubj |
| 17 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 bear | aux |
| 18 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 ridden | advcl |
| 19 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 bear | obj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 hitherward | case |
| 21 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 hitherward | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 Arthur | case |
| 23 | Court | Court | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 hitherward | compound |
| 24 | hitherward | hitherward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bear | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 have | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 have | cc |
| 27 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 28 have | advmod |
| 28 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 ridden | conj |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 sought | nsubj |
| 30 | sought | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 have | ccomp |
| 31 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 sought | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 ye | case |
| 33 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 tidings | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 told | punct |
| 35 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 39 told | mark |
| 36 | at | at | ADP | _ | 38 men | case |
| 37 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 men | compound |
| 38 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 told | nsubj |
| 39 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 sought | conj |
| 40 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 told | iobj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 knew | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 knew | cc |
| 43 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 knew | nsubj |
| 44 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 sought | parataxis |
| 45 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 49 come | mark |
| 46 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 47 twain | compound |
| 47 | twain | twain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 come | nsubj |
| 48 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 come | aux |
| 49 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 44 knew | ccomp |
| 50 | over | over | ADV | _ | 49 come | advmod |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 cross | case |
| 52 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 53 cross | det |
| 53 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 come | obl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 parting | punct |
| 55 | to | to | ADP | _ | 57 parting | case |
| 56 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 57 parting | det |
| 57 | parting | parting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 come | obl |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 ways | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 ways | det |
| 60 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 parting | nmod |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | infinitive | I | one | of this messengers | tree rules | |||
| 2 | ride | present · perfect | swiftly property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | bear | might | my steed | me | Arthur's Court hitherward | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | |||
| 4 | have | present | ever | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | seek | past | I | tidings of ye | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiding=Theme | ||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | past | length men | me | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | know | past | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | come over | past · perfect | ye twain | this cross | to this parting of the ways; over property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to cross=Initial_Location to parting=Destination | |||
| 9 | part | the ways | nom parting «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/75/