Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 94
Now hearken to what I tell ye," (thus he spake to Morien) "over the arm of the sea, there where ye cross, neither more nor less, on the further shore is there a forest, to all seeming the greatest men may wot of, and the wildest--'tis long withal and wide.
Who acts: you, I, Sir, greatest men · What happens: hearken, tell, speak, seem, wot, be · To what, where: arm, ye, Morien · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, Sir, greatest men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 hearken | advmod |
| 2 | hearken | hearken | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 what | case |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 2 hearken | obl |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 tell | nsubj |
| 6 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 what | acl:relcl |
| 7 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 6 tell | iobj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 tell | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 tell | punct |
| 10 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 13 spake | punct |
| 11 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 13 spake | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 spake | nsubj |
| 13 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hearken | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 Morien | case |
| 15 | Morien | Morien | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 spake | nmod |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 13 spake | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 spake | punct |
| 18 | over | over | ADP | _ | 20 arm | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 arm | det |
| 20 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hearken | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 sea | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sea | det |
| 23 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 arm | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 cross | punct |
| 25 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 26 where | expl |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 28 cross | advmod |
| 27 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 cross | compound |
| 28 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hearken | parataxis |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 more | punct |
| 30 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 31 more | cc:preconj |
| 31 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 28 cross | parataxis |
| 32 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 33 less | cc |
| 33 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 31 more | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 is | punct |
| 35 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 39 is | mark |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 shore | det |
| 37 | further | further | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 shore | amod |
| 38 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 is | nsubj |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 wildest | cop |
| 40 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 39 is | expl |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 forest | det |
| 42 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 is | nsubj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 wildest | punct |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 all | case |
| 45 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 56 wildest | advmod |
| 46 | seeming | seem | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 45 all | acl |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 men | det |
| 48 | greatest | great | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 49 men | amod |
| 49 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 wot | nsubj |
| 50 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 wot | aux |
| 51 | wot | wot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 seeming | ccomp |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 wot | obl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 wildest | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 wildest | cc |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 wildest | det |
| 56 | wildest | wild | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 hearken | parataxis |
| 57 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 59 tis | punct |
| 58 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 59 tis | punct |
| 59 | tis | ti | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 wildest | parataxis |
| 60 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 tis | amod |
| 61 | withal | withal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 long | conj |
| 62 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 wide | cc |
| 63 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 withal | conj |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 hearken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hearken | imperative | you not said here | the arm of the sea | now | what obl; ye cross parataxis | tree rules | ||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | present | I | ye | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ye=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | speak speech: other in a quote | Sir | Morien | thus property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | seem | gerund | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | ||||||
| 5 | wot | may | the greatest men | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | is | present | tis parataxis; wild property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/94/