Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 9, sentence 11
He brought forth ham and venison that he had bidden make ready, there, where he had lain over night, since that men told him he drew near to the wilderness whither had gone the knights whom he sought, and who rode before him.
Who acts: Sir, men · What happens: bring, bid, make, lie, tell, draw · To what, where: ham, Sir, wilderness, knights · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 brought | nsubj |
| 2 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 2 brought | advmod |
| 4 | ham | ham | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 brought | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 venison | cc |
| 6 | venison | venison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ham | conj |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 bidden | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 bidden | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 bidden | aux |
| 10 | bidden | bid | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 brought | advcl |
| 11 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 bidden | conj |
| 12 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 make | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 there | punct |
| 14 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 bidden | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 lain | punct |
| 16 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 19 lain | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 lain | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 lain | aux |
| 19 | lain | lie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 bidden | conj |
| 20 | over | over | ADP | _ | 21 night | case |
| 21 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lain | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 told | punct |
| 23 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 26 told | mark |
| 24 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 men | det |
| 25 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 told | nsubj |
| 26 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 lain | parataxis |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 told | iobj |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 drew | nsubj |
| 29 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 told | ccomp |
| 30 | near | near | ADV | _ | 29 drew | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 wilderness | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 wilderness | det |
| 33 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 drew | obl |
| 34 | whither | whither | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 gone | advmod |
| 35 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 gone | aux |
| 36 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 drew | advcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 knights | det |
| 38 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 gone | obj |
| 39 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 sought | obj |
| 40 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 sought | nsubj |
| 41 | sought | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 knights | acl:relcl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 rode | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 rode | cc |
| 44 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 45 rode | nsubj |
| 45 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 told | conj |
| 46 | before | before | ADP | _ | 47 him | case |
| 47 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 rode | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past | Sir | ham and venison | forth property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent ham=Theme | |||
| 2 | bid | past · perfect | Sir | there | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | infinitive | Sir not said here | ready property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | lie | past · perfect | Sir | night | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past | that men | Sir | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | draw | past | Sir | the wilderness | near property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to wilderness=Destination | |||
| 7 | go | past · perfect | Sir not said here | the knights | whither property | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location knight=Theme | |||
| 8 | seek | past | Sir | the knights | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme | ||||
| 9 | ride | past | before Sir | who nsubj | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/9/11/