Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 9, sentence 86
Sir Gariët asked of him tidings, if there had passed that way two knights, of whom the one bestrode a red horse and wore red armour, and the other bare the badge of King Arthur.
Who acts: Sir, one, other · What happens: ask, pass, bestride, wear, bear, badge · To what, where: tidings, way, red horse, red armour, badge, King Arthur
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, one, other), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 asked | nsubj |
| 2 | Gariët | Gariët | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Sir | flat |
| 3 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 asked | obl |
| 6 | tidings | tiding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 asked | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 passed | punct |
| 8 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 11 passed | mark |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 11 passed | expl |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 passed | aux |
| 11 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 asked | ccomp |
| 12 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 way | det |
| 13 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 passed | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 knights | nummod |
| 15 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 way | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bestrode | punct |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 whom | case |
| 18 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 bestrode | obl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 one | det |
| 20 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bestrode | nsubj |
| 21 | bestrode | bestride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 passed | parataxis |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 horse | det |
| 23 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 horse | amod |
| 24 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bestrode | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 wore | cc |
| 26 | wore | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 bestrode | conj |
| 27 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 armour | amod |
| 28 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 wore | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 bare | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 bare | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 other | det |
| 32 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 bare | nsubj |
| 33 | bare | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 asked | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 badge | det |
| 35 | badge | badge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 bare | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Arthur | case |
| 37 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Arthur | compound |
| 38 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 badge | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | Sir | tidings | of Tis | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent tiding=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | pass a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | that way and two knights | there | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | bestride | past | the one | a red horse | whom obl | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme horse=Co-Theme | |||
| 4 | wear | past | the one not said here | red armour | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent armour=Source | ||||
| 5 | bear | infinitive | the other | the badge of King Arthur | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent badge=Patient | ||||
| 6 | badge | King Arthur | nom badge «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/9/86/