The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 126
He is leaning over a desk covered with papers, and in a tumbler by his side there is a bunch of withered violets.
Who acts: Swallow, bunch · What happens: lean, cover, be, wither · To what, where: desk, tumbler
This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swallow, bunch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 leaning | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaning | aux |
| 3 | leaning | lean | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 6 desk | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 desk | det |
| 6 | desk | desk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaning | obl |
| 7 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 desk | acl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 papers | case |
| 9 | papers | paper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 covered | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 is | cc |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 tumbler | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 tumbler | det |
| 14 | tumbler | tumbler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 is | obl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 side | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 side | nmod:poss |
| 17 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 tumbler | nmod |
| 18 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 is | expl |
| 19 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaning | parataxis |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 bunch | det |
| 21 | bunch | bunch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 is | nsubj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 violets | case |
| 23 | withered | wither | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 violets | amod |
| 24 | violets | violet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 bunch | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leaning | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lean | present · progressive | Swallow | a desk | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over desk=Location | ||||
| 2 | cover | participle | a desk not said here | with papers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with paper=Theme | ||||
| 3 | be | present | a bunch of withered violets | a tumbler by Swallow's side; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tumbler=Location | ||||
| 4 | wither | participle | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/126/