The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 83
“Why, indeed?” said a Butterfly, who was fluttering about after a sunbeam.
Who acts: Butterfly · What happens: say, flutter · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Butterfly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 2 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Why | punct |
| 4 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 2 Why | advmod |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 Why | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Why | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 Butterfly | det |
| 9 | Butterfly | Butterfly | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 fluttering | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 fluttering | punct |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 fluttering | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 fluttering | aux |
| 13 | fluttering | flutter | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 said | ccomp |
| 14 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 fluttering | advmod |
| 15 | after | after | ADP | _ | 17 sunbeam | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 sunbeam | det |
| 17 | sunbeam | sunbeam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fluttering | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 2 | flutter | past · progressive | a Butterfly | after a sunbeam | about property | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/2/83/