The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 73
“‘And how have you been all the winter?’ said the Miller.
Who acts: ‘, you · What happens: have, be, say · To what, where: winter · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (‘, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 ‘ | punct |
| 2 | ‘ | ‘ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 3 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 have | cc |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 have | advmod |
| 5 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 ‘ | conj |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 winter | nsubj |
| 7 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 winter | cop |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 winter | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 winter | det |
| 10 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 have | ccomp |
| 11 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 ‘ | punct |
| 12 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 ‘ | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Miller | det |
| 15 | Miller | Miller | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | ‘ not said here | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | participle | you | all winter | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | ‘ | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/4/73/