Tanglewood Tales, The Dragon's Teeth., part 2, sentence 1

"There are bulls enough in my pasture," the old farmers would reply; "but I never heard of one like this you tell me of.

Who acts: old farmers, you · What happens: be, reply, not hear, tell · To what, where: pasture, old farmers · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old farmers, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 are	punct
2	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 are	expl
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 enough	cop
4	bulls	bull	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 are	nsubj
5	enough	enough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 pasture	case
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 pasture	nmod:poss
8	pasture	pasture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 enough	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 reply	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 reply	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 farmers	det
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 farmers	amod
13	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 reply	nsubj
14	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 reply	aux
15	reply	reply	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 enough	parataxis
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 heard	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 but	punct
18	but	but	CCONJ	_	21 heard	cc
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 heard	nsubj
20	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	21 heard	advmod
21	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 reply	parataxis
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 one	case
23	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 heard	obl
24	like	like	ADP	_	25 this	case
25	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	21 heard	obl
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 tell	nsubj
27	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 heard	parataxis
28	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 tell	iobj
29	of	of	ADP	_	27 tell	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 enough	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present			my pasture	enough property	tree rules
2	reply speech: assert	would	the old farmers				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	not hear in a quote	past	the old farmers = farmer			of one; like this	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of one=Stimulus
4	tell speech: assert in a quote	present	you	the old farmers = farmer			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/11/1/