Tanglewood Tales, The Dragon's Teeth., part 4, sentence 16
This bold method of attacking him took the dragon by surprise; for, in fact, Cadmus had leaped so far down into his throat, that the rows of terrible teeth could not close upon him, nor do him the least harm in the world.
Who acts: bold method, Cadmus, rows · What happens: attack, take, leap, not close, do · To what, where: method, dragon, throat, Cadmus
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bold method, Cadmus, rows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 method | det |
| 2 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 method | amod |
| 3 | method | method | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 took | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 5 attacking | mark |
| 5 | attacking | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 method | acl |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 attacking | obj |
| 7 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 dragon | det |
| 9 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 took | obj |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 surprise | case |
| 11 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 took | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 leaped | punct |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 fact | case |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fact | punct |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 fact | case |
| 16 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 leaped | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fact | punct |
| 18 | Cadmus | Cadmus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 leaped | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 leaped | aux |
| 20 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 took | conj |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 22 far | advmod |
| 22 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 down | advmod |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 20 leaped | advmod |
| 24 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 throat | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 throat | nmod:poss |
| 26 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 leaped | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 close | punct |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 close | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 rows | det |
| 30 | rows | row | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 close | nsubj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 teeth | case |
| 32 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 teeth | amod |
| 33 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 rows | nmod |
| 34 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 close | aux |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 close | advmod |
| 36 | close | close | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 leaped | advcl |
| 37 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 38 him | case |
| 38 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 close | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 do | punct |
| 40 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 41 do | cc |
| 41 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 close | conj |
| 42 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 do | obj |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 harm | det |
| 44 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 45 harm | amod |
| 45 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 do | obj |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 world | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 world | det |
| 48 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 harm | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | attack | gerund | this bold method not said here | method | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 2 | take | past | this bold method | the dragon | by surprise | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument dragon=Destination | |||
| 3 | leap | past · perfect | Cadmus | Cadmus's throat | for fact; down property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into throat=Destination | |||
| 4 | not close | could | the rows of terrible teeth | upon Cadmus | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | do | infinitive | the rows of terrible teeth not said here | Cadmus | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/13/16/