Tanglewood Tales, The Dragon's Teeth., part 4, sentence 57
Without hesitating an instant, Cadmus stepped forward, with the aspect of a king and a leader, and extending his drawn sword amongst them, spoke to the warriors in a stern and commanding voice.
Who acts: Cadmus · What happens: hesitate, step forward, extend, draw, speak, command · To what, where: instant, drawn sword, stern · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cadmus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Without | without | SCONJ | _ | 2 hesitating | mark |
| 2 | hesitating | hesitate | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 stepped | advcl |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 instant | det |
| 4 | instant | instant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hesitating | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 hesitating | punct |
| 6 | Cadmus | Cadmus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 stepped | nsubj |
| 7 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 7 stepped | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 aspect | punct |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 aspect | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 aspect | det |
| 12 | aspect | aspect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stepped | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 king | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 king | det |
| 15 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 aspect | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 leader | cc |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 leader | det |
| 18 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 king | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 extending | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 extending | cc |
| 21 | extending | extend | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 stepped | advcl |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 sword | nmod:poss |
| 23 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 sword | amod |
| 24 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 extending | obj |
| 25 | amongst | amongst | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 extending | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 spoke | punct |
| 28 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 stepped | conj |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 warriors | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 warriors | det |
| 31 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 spoke | obl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 stern | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 stern | det |
| 34 | stern | stern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 spoke | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 voice | cc |
| 36 | commanding | command | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 voice | amod |
| 37 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 stern | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 stepped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hesitate | gerund | Cadmus not said here | a instant | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | step forward | past | Cadmus | with the aspect of a king and a leader; forward property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | extend | gerund | Cadmus not said here | Cadmus's drawn sword | amongst parts = part | vn body_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | |||
| 4 | draw | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | past | Cadmus not said here | a stern and commanding voice | to the warriors | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to warrior=Co-Agent | |||
| 6 | command | gerund | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/13/57/