Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece., part 4, sentence 99
Then there was a dazzling gleam from a vast number of polished brass helmets, beneath which, as they grew farther out of the soil, appeared the dark and bearded visages of warriors, struggling to free themselves from the imprisoning earth.
Who acts: dazzling gleam, helmets · What happens: be, polish, grow, appear, struggle, imprison · To what, where: dazzling gleam, dark visages
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dazzling gleam, helmets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 was | advmod |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 was | expl |
| 3 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 gleam | det |
| 5 | dazzling | dazzling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gleam | compound |
| 6 | gleam | gleam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 was | nsubj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 number | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 number | det |
| 9 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 number | amod |
| 10 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gleam | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 helmets | case |
| 12 | polished | polish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 helmets | amod |
| 13 | brass | brass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 helmets | compound |
| 14 | helmets | helmet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 number | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 grew | punct |
| 16 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 grew | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 grew | punct |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 grew | mark |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 grew | nsubj |
| 21 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 gleam | parataxis |
| 22 | farther | far | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 grew | xcomp |
| 23 | out | out | ADP | _ | 26 soil | case |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 soil | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 soil | det |
| 26 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 farther | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 appeared | punct |
| 28 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 grew | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 visages | det |
| 30 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 visages | amod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 bearded | cc |
| 32 | bearded | bearded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 dark | conj |
| 33 | visages | visage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 appeared | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 warriors | case |
| 35 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 visages | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 struggling | punct |
| 37 | struggling | struggle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 appeared | advcl |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 free | mark |
| 39 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 struggling | xcomp |
| 40 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 39 free | obl |
| 41 | from | from | ADP | _ | 44 earth | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 earth | det |
| 43 | imprisoning | imprison | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 44 earth | amod |
| 44 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 free | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a dazzling gleam from a vast number of polished brass helmets | there | then | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | polish | participle | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | grow | past | helmets = helmet | a dazzling gleam from a vast number of polished brass helmets | far property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath which=Location | |||
| 4 | appear | past | helmets = helmet not said here | the dark visages of warriors | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location visage=Theme | ||||
| 5 | struggle | gerund | helmets = helmet not said here | free property | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | imprison | gerund | vn confine-92 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/99/