Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 2, sentence 2
His pine-tree walking stick lay on the ground, close by his side.
Who acts: walking stick · What happens: lie · To what, where: ground
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (walking stick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 stick | nmod:poss |
| 2 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tree | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 pine | punct |
| 4 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 walking | compound |
| 5 | walking | walking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 stick | compound |
| 6 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lay | nsubj |
| 7 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 ground | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 ground | det |
| 10 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lay | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 close | punct |
| 12 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ground | amod |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 side | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 side | nmod:poss |
| 15 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 close | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | Antaeus's walking stick | the ground | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ground=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/8/2/