Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 2, sentence 20
There he was, with the sun flaming on his golden helmet, and flashing from his polished breastplate; he had a sword by his side, and a lion's skin over his back, and on his right shoulder he carried a club, which looked bulkier and heavier than the pine-tree walking stick of Antaeus.
Who acts: sun, stranger, club, pine tree · What happens: flame, flash, polish, have, be, look · To what, where: golden helmet, polished breastplate, sword, right shoulder, stick
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, stranger, club, pine tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 was | expl |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 was | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 carried | cop |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 sun | punct |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 sun | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sun | det |
| 7 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 was | nsubj |
| 8 | flaming | flame | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 sun | acl |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 helmet | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 helmet | nmod:poss |
| 11 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 helmet | amod |
| 12 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 flaming | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 flashing | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 flashing | cc |
| 15 | flashing | flash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 flaming | conj |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 breastplate | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 breastplate | nmod:poss |
| 18 | polished | polish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 breastplate | amod |
| 19 | breastplate | breastplate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flashing | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 had | punct |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 had | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 was | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 sword | det |
| 24 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 had | obj |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 side | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 side | nmod:poss |
| 27 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 had | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 skin | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 skin | cc |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 lion | det |
| 31 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 skin | nmod:poss |
| 32 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 31 lion | case |
| 33 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 had | obl |
| 34 | over | over | ADP | _ | 36 back | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 back | nmod:poss |
| 36 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 skin | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 carried | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 carried | cc |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 shoulder | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 shoulder | nmod:poss |
| 41 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 shoulder | amod |
| 42 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 carried | obl |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 carried | nsubj |
| 44 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 club | det |
| 46 | club | club | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 carried | obj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 looked | punct |
| 48 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 49 looked | nsubj |
| 49 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 club | acl:relcl |
| 50 | bulkier | bulky | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 49 looked | xcomp |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 heavier | cc |
| 52 | heavier | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 50 bulkier | conj |
| 53 | than | than | ADP | _ | 57 tree | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 tree | det |
| 55 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 tree | compound |
| 56 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 55 pine | punct |
| 57 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 bulkier | obl |
| 58 | walking | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 57 tree | acl |
| 59 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 walking | obj |
| 60 | of | of | ADP | _ | 61 Antaeus | case |
| 61 | Antaeus | Antaeus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 stick | nmod |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 44 carried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flame | gerund | the sun not said here | stranger's golden helmet | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on helmet=Location | ||||
| 2 | flash | gerund | the sun not said here | stranger's polished breastplate | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | polish | participle | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | have | past | stranger | a sword | by stranger's side; a lion's skin over stranger's back obl | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Patient | |||
| 5 | is | past | stranger | stranger's right shoulder | carry property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | look | past | a club | bulky property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | walk | gerund | the pine tree not said here | stick of Antaeus | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stick=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/8/20/