Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 3, sentence 83
He left them, one and all, within their own territory, where, for aught I can tell, their descendants are alive to the present day, building their little houses, cultivating their little fields, spanking their little children, waging their little warfare with the cranes, doing their little business, whatever it may be, and reading their little histories of ancient times.
Who acts: Hercules, I, descendants · What happens: leave, tell, be, build, cultivate, spank · To what, where: writers, little houses, little fields, little children, little warfare, little business · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hercules, I, descendants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 left | nsubj |
| 2 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 left | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 one | punct |
| 5 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 left | advcl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 all | cc |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 one | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 territory | punct |
| 9 | within | within | ADP | _ | 12 territory | case |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 territory | nmod:poss |
| 11 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 territory | amod |
| 12 | territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 left | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 where | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 12 territory | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 tell | punct |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 aught | case |
| 17 | aught | aught | PRON | PronType=Ind | 20 tell | obl |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 tell | nsubj |
| 19 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 tell | aux |
| 20 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 left | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 alive | punct |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 descendants | nmod:poss |
| 23 | descendants | descendant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 alive | nsubj |
| 24 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 alive | cop |
| 25 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 tell | ccomp |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 day | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 day | det |
| 28 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 day | amod |
| 29 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 alive | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 building | punct |
| 31 | building | build | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 tell | ccomp |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 houses | nmod:poss |
| 33 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 houses | amod |
| 34 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 building | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 cultivating | punct |
| 36 | cultivating | cultivate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 building | conj |
| 37 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 fields | nmod:poss |
| 38 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 fields | amod |
| 39 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 cultivating | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 spanking | punct |
| 41 | spanking | spank | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 cultivating | conj |
| 42 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 children | nmod:poss |
| 43 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 children | amod |
| 44 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 spanking | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 waging | punct |
| 46 | waging | wage | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 cultivating | conj |
| 47 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 warfare | nmod:poss |
| 48 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 warfare | amod |
| 49 | warfare | warfare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 waging | obj |
| 50 | with | with | ADP | _ | 52 cranes | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 cranes | det |
| 52 | cranes | crane | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 waging | obl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 doing | punct |
| 54 | doing | do | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 cultivating | conj |
| 55 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 business | nmod:poss |
| 56 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 business | amod |
| 57 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 doing | obj |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 whatever | punct |
| 59 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 57 business | nmod |
| 60 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 62 be | nsubj |
| 61 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 62 be | aux |
| 62 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 59 whatever | cop |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 reading | punct |
| 64 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 65 reading | cc |
| 65 | reading | read | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 building | conj |
| 66 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 68 histories | nmod:poss |
| 67 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 histories | amod |
| 68 | histories | history | NOUN | Number=Plur | 65 reading | obj |
| 69 | of | of | ADP | _ | 71 times | case |
| 70 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 71 times | amod |
| 71 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 histories | nmod |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | past | Hercules | writers = writer | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | can | I | for aught | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | is | present | writers's descendants | day | alive property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | build | gerund | writers's little houses | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset house=Product | |||||
| 5 | cultivate | gerund | writers's little fields | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Product | |||||
| 6 | spank | gerund | writers's little children | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient | |||||
| 7 | wage | gerund | writers's little warfare | with the cranes | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | do | gerund | writers's little business | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent business=Eventuality | |||||
| 9 | is a | infinitive | whatever | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | read | gerund | writers's little histories of ancient times | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/9/83/