Estonia, sentence 176

From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

In March 1991, a referendum was held where 78.4% of voters supported independence, and during the coup attempt in Moscow, Estonia declared restoration of independence on 20 August.

Who acts: Estonia · What happens: hold, support, declare · To what, where: referendum, independence, restoration

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Estonia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 March	case
2	March	March	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 held	obl
3	1991	1991	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 March	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 March	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 referendum	det
6	referendum	referendum	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 held	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 held	aux:pass
8	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	14 supported	advmod
10	78.4	78.4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 %	nummod
11	%	%	SYM	Number=Sing	14 supported	nsubj:pass
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 voters	case
13	voters	voter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 %	nmod
14	supported	support	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 held	advcl
15	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 supported	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 declared	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 declared	cc
18	during	during	ADP	_	21 attempt	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 attempt	det
20	coup	coup	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 attempt	compound
21	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 declared	obl
22	in	in	ADP	_	23 Moscow	case
23	Moscow	Moscow	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 attempt	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 attempt	punct
25	Estonia	Estonia	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 declared	nsubj
26	declared	declare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 held	conj
27	restoration	restoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 declared	obj
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 independence	case
29	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 restoration	nmod
30	on	on	ADP	_	32 August	case
31	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	32 August	nummod
32	August	August	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 declared	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 held	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	hold	past · passive		a referendum	march	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	support	participle · passive		independence		tree rules
3	declare speech: other	past	Estonia	restoration of independence	during the coup attempt in Moscow; august	vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent restoration=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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