Estonia, sentence 194
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The rivers are primarily fed by groundwater, rainfall, and snowmelt, with each source contributing approximately one-third of the annual runoff.
Who acts: groundwater, source · What happens: feed, contribute · To what, where: rivers, one third
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (groundwater, source), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 rivers | det |
| 2 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 fed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fed | aux:pass |
| 4 | primarily | primarily | ADV | _ | 5 fed | advmod |
| 5 | fed | feed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 groundwater | case |
| 7 | groundwater | groundwater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fed | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 rainfall | punct |
| 9 | rainfall | rainfall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 groundwater | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 snowmelt | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 snowmelt | cc |
| 12 | snowmelt | snowmelt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 groundwater | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 source | punct |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 source | case |
| 15 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 source | det |
| 16 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fed | conj |
| 17 | contributing | contribute | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 source | acl |
| 18 | approximately | approximately | ADV | _ | 21 third | advmod |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 third | nummod |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 one | punct |
| 21 | third | third | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 contributing | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 runoff | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 runoff | det |
| 24 | annual | annual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 runoff | amod |
| 25 | runoff | runoff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 third | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feed | present · passive | groundwater and rainfall and snowmelt | the rivers | primarily property | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | |||
| 2 | contribute | gerund | each source not said here | one third of the annual runoff | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent third=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Estonia/194/