Estonia, sentence 36

From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Several Scandinavian sagas referred to major confrontations with Estonians, notably when 7th-century "Estonian Vikings" defeated and killed Ingvar Harra, the King of the Swedes.

Who acts: Several Scandinavian sagas · What happens: refer, defeat, kill · To what, where: Several Scandinavian sagas, Ingvar

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Several Scandinavian sagas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sagas	amod
2	Scandinavian	scandinavian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sagas	amod
3	sagas	saga	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 defeated	nsubj
4	referred	refer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 sagas	acl
5	to	to	PART	_	7 confrontations	mark
6	major	major	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 confrontations	amod
7	confrontations	confrontation	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 referred	advcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 Estonians	case
9	Estonians	Estonian	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 confrontations	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 century	punct
11	notably	notably	ADV	_	15 century	advmod
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 century	advmod
13	7th	7th	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord	15 century	amod
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 7th	punct
15	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sagas	conj
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 Vikings	punct
17	Estonian	Estonian	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Vikings	compound
18	Vikings	Viking	PROPN	Number=Plur	15 century	appos
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 Vikings	punct
20	defeated	defeat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 killed	cc
22	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 defeated	conj
23	Ingvar	Ingvar	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 killed	obj
24	Harra	Harra	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Ingvar	flat
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 King	punct
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 King	det
27	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Ingvar	appos
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 Swedes	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 Swedes	det
30	Swedes	Swede	PROPN	Number=Plur	27 King	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	20 defeated	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	refer	participle		Several Scandinavian sagas and 7th century not said here	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme
2	defeat	past	Several Scandinavian sagas and 7th century		tree rules
3	kill	past	Several Scandinavian sagas and 7th century not said here	Ingvar	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ingvar=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/Estonia/36/