Estonia, sentence 480
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The most common foreign languages learnt by Estonian students are English, Russian, German, and French.
Who acts: common foreign languages · What happens: learn, be · To what, where: common foreign languages
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common foreign languages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 languages | det |
| 2 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 3 common | advmod |
| 3 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 languages | amod |
| 4 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 languages | amod |
| 5 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 English | nsubj |
| 6 | learnt | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 languages | acl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 students | case |
| 8 | Estonian | estonian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 students | amod |
| 9 | students | student | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 learnt | obl:agent |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 English | cop |
| 11 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Russian | punct |
| 13 | Russian | Russian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 English | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 German | punct |
| 15 | German | German | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 English | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 French | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 French | cc |
| 18 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 English | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 English | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | participle | the common foreign languages not said here | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | the common foreign languages | english property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the common foreign languages not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | be | the common foreign languages not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/Estonia/480/