The Bahamas, sentence 343

From Wikipedia, «The Bahamas», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The late 1970s saw the game begin to decline in the country as teachers, who had previously come from the United Kingdom with a passion for cricket, were replaced by teachers who had been trained in the United States.

Who acts: late 1970s, game, teachers · What happens: see, begin, decline, come, replace, train · To what, where: United Kingdom, teachers, United States · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Bahamas». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (late 1970s, game, teachers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 1970s	det
2	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 1970s	amod
3	1970s	1970s	NOUN	Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card	4 saw	nsubj
4	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 game	det
6	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 begin	nsubj
7	begin	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 saw	ccomp
8	to	to	PART	_	9 decline	mark
9	decline	decline	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 begin	xcomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 country	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 country	det
12	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 decline	obl
13	as	as	ADP	_	14 teachers	case
14	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 decline	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 come	punct
16	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 come	nsubj
17	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 come	aux
18	previously	previously	ADV	_	19 come	advmod
19	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 teachers	acl
20	from	from	ADP	_	23 Kingdom	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Kingdom	det
22	United	United	PROPN	_	23 Kingdom	flat
23	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 come	obl
24	with	with	ADP	_	26 passion	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 passion	det
26	passion	passion	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 come	obl
27	for	for	ADP	_	28 cricket	case
28	cricket	cricket	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 passion	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 replaced	punct
30	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 replaced	aux:pass
31	replaced	replace	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 saw	conj
32	by	by	ADP	_	33 teachers	case
33	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 replaced	obl
34	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	37 trained	nsubj:pass
35	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 trained	aux
36	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	37 trained	aux:pass
37	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 teachers	acl:relcl
38	in	in	ADP	_	41 States	case
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 States	det
40	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 States	amod
41	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	37 trained	obl
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	see	past	the late 1970s				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	begin	present	the game				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	decline	to-infinitive	the game not said here			as teachers; in the country	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in country=Attribute
4	come	past · perfect	teachers		the United Kingdom	with a passion for cricket; previously property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from kingdom=Initial_Location
5	replace	past · passive	teachers				vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme
6	train	past · perfect · passive		teachers	the United States		vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «The Bahamas», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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