Abkhazia, sentence 231
From Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Nevertheless, between 40,000 and 60,000 refugees have returned to the Gali District since 1998, including persons commuting daily across the ceasefire line and those migrating seasonally in accordance with agricultural cycles.
Who acts: persons · What happens: return, commute, migrate · To what, where: 40,000 refugees, Gali District, ceasefire line, accordance
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abkhazia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (persons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nevertheless | nevertheless | ADV | _ | 4 40,000 | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nevertheless | punct |
| 3 | between | between | ADP | _ | 4 40,000 | case |
| 4 | 40,000 | 40000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 refugees | nummod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 60,000 | cc |
| 6 | 60,000 | 60000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 40,000 | conj |
| 7 | refugees | refugee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 returned | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 returned | aux |
| 9 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 District | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 District | det |
| 12 | Gali | Gali | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 District | compound |
| 13 | District | District | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 returned | obl |
| 14 | since | since | ADP | _ | 15 1998 | case |
| 15 | 1998 | 1998 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 returned | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 persons | punct |
| 17 | including | including | ADP | _ | 18 persons | case |
| 18 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 returned | obl |
| 19 | commuting | commute | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 persons | acl |
| 20 | daily | daily | ADV | _ | 19 commuting | advmod |
| 21 | across | across | ADP | _ | 24 line | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 line | det |
| 23 | ceasefire | ceasefire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 line | compound |
| 24 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 commuting | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 those | cc |
| 26 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 18 persons | conj |
| 27 | migrating | migrate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 those | acl |
| 28 | seasonally | seasonally | ADV | _ | 30 accordance | advmod |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 accordance | case |
| 30 | accordance | accordance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 migrating | obj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 cycles | case |
| 32 | agricultural | agricultural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 cycles | amod |
| 33 | cycles | cycle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 migrating | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | present · perfect · passive | 40,000 refugees | the Gali District | since 1998 | including persons those | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to district=Destination | ||
| 2 | commute | gerund | persons those not said here | the ceasefire line | daily property | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2 «NP V NP.patient PP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Causer | |||
| 3 | migrate | gerund | accordance | with agricultural cycles | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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