Abkhazia, sentence 455
From Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Georgian side is "once again urged to address seriously legitimate Abkhaz security concerns, to avoid steps that could be seen as threatening and to refrain from militant rhetoric and provocative actions, especially in upper Kodori Valley."
What happens: urge, address, avoid, see, refrain · To what, where: Georgian side, legitimate Abkhaz security concerns, steps, militant rhetoric actions
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abkhazia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 side | det |
| 2 | Georgian | georgian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 side | amod |
| 3 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 urged | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 urged | aux:pass |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 once | punct |
| 6 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 7 again | advmod |
| 7 | again | again | ADV | _ | 8 urged | advmod |
| 8 | urged | urge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 address | mark |
| 10 | address | address | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 urged | xcomp |
| 11 | seriously | seriously | ADV | _ | 12 legitimate | advmod |
| 12 | legitimate | legitimate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 concerns | amod |
| 13 | Abkhaz | Abkhaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 concerns | compound |
| 14 | security | security | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 concerns | compound |
| 15 | concerns | concern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 address | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 avoid | punct |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 avoid | mark |
| 18 | avoid | avoid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 address | advcl |
| 19 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 avoid | obj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 seen | nsubj |
| 21 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 seen | aux |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 seen | aux:pass |
| 23 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 steps | acl:relcl |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 threatening | case |
| 25 | threatening | threatening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 seen | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 refrain | cc |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 refrain | mark |
| 28 | refrain | refrain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 avoid | conj |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 34 actions | case |
| 30 | militant | militant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 actions | amod |
| 31 | rhetoric | rhetoric | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 actions | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 provocative | cc |
| 33 | provocative | provocative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 rhetoric | conj |
| 34 | actions | action | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 refrain | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 Valley | punct |
| 36 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 40 Valley | advmod |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 Valley | case |
| 38 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 Valley | amod |
| 39 | Kodori | Kodori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Valley | compound |
| 40 | Valley | Valley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 refrain | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 urged | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 urged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | urge in a quote | present · passive | the Georgian side | again | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | address not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | legitimate Abkhaz security concerns | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent concern=Destination | |||||
| 3 | avoid in a quote | to-infinitive | steps | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent step=Location | |||||
| 4 | see in a quote | could · passive | steps | as threatening | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as threatening=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | refrain in a quote | to-infinitive | militant rhetoric actions | in upper Kodori Valley | vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from action=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/455/