Addis Ababa, sentence 200
From Wikipedia, «Addis Ababa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Various luxury services have also become available and the construction of shopping malls has recently increased.
Who acts: Various luxury services · What happens: become, increase, construct · To what, where: construction, shopping malls
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Addis Ababa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Various luxury services), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 services | amod |
| 2 | luxury | luxury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 services | compound |
| 3 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 become | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 become | aux |
| 5 | also | also | ADV | _ | 6 become | advmod |
| 6 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | available | available | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 become | xcomp |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 increased | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 construction | det |
| 10 | construction | construction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 increased | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 malls | case |
| 12 | shopping | shopping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 malls | compound |
| 13 | malls | mall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 construction | nmod |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 increased | aux |
| 15 | recently | recently | ADV | _ | 16 increased | advmod |
| 16 | increased | increase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 become | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 become | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | present · perfect | Various luxury services | available property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | increase | present · perfect · passive | the construction of shopping malls | recently property | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | construct | shopping malls | nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Addis Ababa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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