Addis Ababa, sentence 75
From Wikipedia, «Addis Ababa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Along with Dire Dawa, the city had been spared the aerial bombardment (including the use of chemical weapons such as mustard gas) practiced elsewhere in Ethiopia.
Who acts: aerial bombardment · What happens: spare, include, practice, use · To what, where: city, Ethiopia, chemical weapons
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Addis Ababa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (aerial bombardment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Along | along | ADP | _ | 4 Dawa | case |
| 2 | with | with | ADP | _ | 4 Dawa | case |
| 3 | Dire | Dire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Dawa | compound |
| 4 | Dawa | Dawa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 spared | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Dawa | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 city | det |
| 7 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 spared | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 spared | aux |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 spared | aux:pass |
| 10 | spared | spare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bombardment | det |
| 12 | aerial | aerial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 bombardment | amod |
| 13 | bombardment | bombardment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 practiced | nsubj |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 use | punct |
| 15 | including | include | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 use | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 use | det |
| 17 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bombardment | appos |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 weapons | case |
| 19 | chemical | chemical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 weapons | amod |
| 20 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 use | nmod |
| 21 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 24 gas | case |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 such | fixed |
| 23 | mustard | mustard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 gas | compound |
| 24 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 weapons | nmod |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 17 use | punct |
| 26 | practiced | practice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 spared | ccomp |
| 27 | elsewhere | elsewhere | ADV | _ | 26 practiced | advmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 Ethiopia | case |
| 29 | Ethiopia | Ethiopia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 practiced | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 spared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spare | past · perfect · passive | the city | along Dire Dawa | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | include | gerund | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | practice | past | the aerial bombardment | Ethiopia | elsewhere property | vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | use | chemical weapons such mustard gas | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Addis Ababa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Addis_Ababa/75/