Afghanistan, sentence 249
From Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Of the naturally regenerating forest, 0% was reported to be primary forest (consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity), and around 0% of the forest area was found within protected areas.
Who acts: primary forest · What happens: regenerate, report, be, consist, find, protect · To what, where: primary forest, human activity
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Afghanistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (primary forest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 5 forest | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 forest | det |
| 3 | naturally | naturally | ADV | _ | 4 regenerating | advmod |
| 4 | regenerating | regenerate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 forest | compound |
| 5 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 reported | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 forest | punct |
| 7 | 0 | 0 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 % | nummod |
| 8 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 10 reported | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 reported | aux:pass |
| 10 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 forest | mark |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 forest | cop |
| 13 | primary | primary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 forest | amod |
| 14 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 reported | xcomp |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 consisting | punct |
| 16 | consisting | consist | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 forest | acl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 species | case |
| 18 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 species | amod |
| 19 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 species | compound |
| 20 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 consisting | obl |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 indications | case |
| 22 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 25 indications | det |
| 23 | clearly | clearly | ADV | _ | 24 visible | advmod |
| 24 | visible | visible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 indications | amod |
| 25 | indications | indication | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 consisting | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 activity | case |
| 27 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 activity | amod |
| 28 | activity | activity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 indications | nmod |
| 29 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 consisting | punct |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 found | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 found | cc |
| 32 | around | around | ADV | _ | 33 0 | advmod |
| 33 | 0 | 0 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 % | nummod |
| 34 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 40 found | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 area | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 area | det |
| 37 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 area | compound |
| 38 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 % | nmod |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 found | aux:pass |
| 40 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 reported | parataxis |
| 41 | within | within | ADP | _ | 43 areas | case |
| 42 | protected | protect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 areas | amod |
| 43 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 found | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 reported | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | regenerate | gerund | naturally property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | report | past · passive | of the regenerating forest | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | primary forest | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | consist | gerund | primary forest not said here | of native tree species; with no visible indications of human activity | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | find | past · passive | within protected areas | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 6 | protect | participle | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | indicate | human activity | nom indication «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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